Product Name: Xylenesulfonic Acid
Chemical Formula: C8H10SO3
Synonyms: Xylenesulphonic Acid, xylene-sulfonic acid isomers
CAS Number: 1300-22-3
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemicals, industrial chemical manufacturing
Manufacturer and Contact: Manufacturer or supplier name, emergency contact telephone number, address, and email for further information about handling, emergencies, or technical questions
Restrictions on Use: Not suited for food, drug, or household purposes
GHS Classification: Corrosive to skin (Category 1B), Eye damage (Category 1), Acute toxicity oral (Category 4)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation, harmful if swallowed
Pictograms: Corrosion, Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing fumes or mists, wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye/face protection, wash thoroughly after handling, immediately call a poison center or get medical attention if exposed
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, eye contact
Symptoms: Severe irritation or burns to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes; headache, coughing, shortness of breath if inhaled; abdominal pain or vomiting after ingestion
Chemical Name: Xylenesulfonic Acid
Concentration (%): 95-100
CAS Registry Number: 1300-22-3
Impurities and Stabilizing Additives: May contain trace amounts of water or other sulfonic acids, not expected to affect classification
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air, keep at rest, ensure airways are clear; if breathing is irregular or stopped, perform artificial respiration and seek medical attention
Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes, remove contaminated clothing and shoes, get medical attention
Eye Contact: Immediately rinse eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally, do not allow victim to rub eyes, seek medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, do not induce vomiting, get immediate medical attention
Important Symptoms: Severe burning sensations, redness, swelling, possible blistering; risk of vision loss if eyes are affected
Advice for Doctors: Treat symptoms, maintain ventilation and circulation, monitor for delayed pulmonary edema
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide (CO2), or water spray for surrounding fires
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water streams may spread spilled acid, avoid using water jets
Hazards from Combustion: Emits toxic fumes of sulfur oxides, hydrocarbons during combustion
Protective Measures: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear to avoid inhalation and contact
Special Procedures: Cool exposed containers with water spray to prevent pressure build-up and structural failure
Explosion Risks: Containers exposed to heat may explode due to pressure buildup; runoff to sewer may cause secondary hazards
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate space, avoid breathing fumes, keep uninvolved persons away, wear protective equipment
Environmental Precautions: Prevent releases into drains, soil, or streams, contain spills with sand or inert absorbent
Cleanup Methods: Neutralize with sodium bicarbonate or lime, absorb with inert material, collect in suitable non-metallic containers for disposal
Decontamination: Wash area with large amounts of water after removal of bulk material
Reporting Requirements: Notify local, regional, or national authorities if a large spill occurs or threatens the environment
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated locations, avoid contact with skin and eyes, keep containers tightly closed, use proper PPE, avoid contact with incompatible materials such as strong bases and oxidizers
Storage: Keep in tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers, store in cool, dry, well-ventilated locations away from direct sunlight and sources of heat, segregate from oxidizers and acids
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling, do not eat, drink, or smoke in storage or use areas, clean contaminated clothing before reuse
Control Parameters: No specific occupational exposure limit set by OSHA, NIOSH, or ACGIH
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust or fume hoods, eyewash stations, emergency showers in proximity
Personal Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (butyl, nitrile), splash-proof goggles, lab coats, acid-resistant aprons and boots
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved acid gas respirator or air-supplied mask in high-vapor or poorly-ventilated locations
Monitoring: Monitor vapor or mist levels, inspect PPE regularly for degradation or failure
Appearance: Clear to light yellow liquid, sometimes crystalline solid
Odor: Mild aromatic, slightly pungent
pH: Strongly acidic (concentrated aqueous solution)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: 104°C (solid state, monohydrate)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Solubility: Miscible with water, soluble in alcohols
Density: 1.24 g/cm³ at 20°C
Vapor Pressure: Very low at 20°C
Viscosity: Thick liquid, increases at lower temperature
Flash Point: Not flammable as a pure acid
Partition Coefficient (Log Kow): Not established
Decomposition Temperature: Above 250°C, produces sulfur oxides
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Reactivity: Reacts with water, alkalis, and strong oxidizers, releases heat and corrosive vapors
Hazardous Reactions: Contact with bases generates toxic fumes, may react violently with oxidizing agents, can corrode many metals with hydrogen evolution
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture, elevated temperatures, incompatible chemicals, poor ventilation
Decomposition Products: Sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons
Routes of Entry: Inhalation, dermal, oral
Acute Toxicity: Ingestion produces burns to mouth, throat, stomach; inhalation causes coughing, difficulty breathing; skin contact produces severe burns
LD50 Value (oral, rat): 1000-2000 mg/kg
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Severely irritating, risk of necrosis after prolonged contact
Eye Damage: Risk of blindness or permanent eye injury
Sensitization: Not classified as a sensitizer, but repeated exposure may enhance skin sensitivity
Chronic Effects: Long-term exposure: skin cracking, ulceration, upper respiratory tract irritation, potential for chronic bronchitis with repeated inhalation
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as carcinogen by IARC, NTP, OSHA
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms with risk of damage to aquatic life at low concentrations
Persistence and Degradability: Moderately degradable in the environment, sulfonic acids show slow breakdown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms
Mobility: High mobility in soil, may contaminate water sources if released
Other Adverse Effects: Rapidly alters pH in aquatic environments, endangering fish and invertebrates
Waste Treatment Methods: Neutralize with dilute sodium carbonate solution, collect neutralized sludge in corrosion-resistant containers
Disposal of Product: Dispose through licensed chemical waste contractor; comply with federal, state, and local regulations
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse containers, dispose as hazardous waste
Precautions: Avoid wastewater contamination, do not discharge to sewers or waterways
UN Number: UN 2581
UN Proper Shipping Name: Arylsulfonic Acid Liquid, Xylenesulfonic acid
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive substances)
Packing Group: II
Labels: Corrosive
Marine Pollutant: Not classified as a marine pollutant
Special Precautions: Ensure containers are solidly packed, avoid spilling, emergency response guide number 154
OSHA: Classified as a hazardous chemical under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
SARA Title III: Immediate health hazard; not subject to Section 313 reporting
TSCA: Listed in TSCA inventory
REACH: Exempt if manufactured or imported below annual threshold; specific usage authorization and notification may apply in the EU
Canadian WHMIS Classification: D2B (Toxic material), E (Corrosive material)
California Proposition 65: Not listed as a reproductive or cancer hazard
Other International Regulations: Subject to chemical registration or notification in several countries; consult local jurisdiction for details
