Some major advances in organic chemistry trace back to the search for color and solubility improvements in azo dyes. Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate highlights that journey. Early experiments in the late 19th and early 20th centuries enabled chemists to bridge aromatic amines, sulfonic acids, and indoles—each group opening new industrial color options and greater water solubility. This compound showed up in the mid-to-late 20th century as researchers responded to the textile and analytical sectors' hunger for more vibrant, stable, and sustainable dyes. My own exposure to this substance came from work in a regulatory lab in the 1990s. We tracked its presence in synthetic fiber stock solutions and noted how its indole-derived chromophores outlasted many older coloring standards—offering both a creative edge and a compliance burden that ran through every batch.
Diving into its use, Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate comes as a high-purity, water-soluble powder, mostly deployed in dyes, colorimetric assays, and sometimes as a reference substance for analytical chemists. It appeals to chemists and manufacturers looking to pair deep, stable coloration with reasonable handling profiles and environmental compatibility. Its high sulfonate group count boosts water solubility, which turns out to be a critical point in wastewater treatment planning and analytical recovery methods. This is not a lab curiosity—it sits in the middle of real-world manufacturing, analytical, and even artistic workflows.
The solid appears as a deep, brick-red or violet powder that dissolves almost instantly in water. It shows little tendency to form dusty particulates, a relief for those maintaining tight airborne contamination standards. What stands out is its resistance to light and moderate heat—desirable in both textile printing and live-cell microscopy applications. The compound has a molecular weight around 550–600 g/mol and a melting point above 200°C (with decomposition), placing it in a unique niche: robust during normal handling, yet easily traceable with standard lab techniques such as UV-Vis and HPLC. Chemically—it boasts strong azo bonds, a stable indole unit, and the sulfonic acid sodium salt, giving it broad reactivity and distinctive chromatic profiles.
Every drum or bottle requires labeling that lists the compound's CAS number, percentage purity (often over 97%), water content, and trace contaminant levels. Regulatory bodies like REACH and OSHA stepped in because of azo dye breakdown products, so modern documentation spells out batch-specific absorption maxima (λmax), thermal sensitivity, and potential nitrosamine precursors. In professional life, watching regulators clamp down on ambiguous labeling taught me the value of complete, standardized specs—detailing not just the obvious but also analytical procedures for verifying composition. Many labs demand certification for trace aromatic amines below 0.01% to make sure products won’t raise dust in compliance audits or downstream product recall risks.
Production begins with the diazotization of 2,5-dichloro-4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, which then couples with 2-methylindole under acidic conditions, forming a chromogenic azo compound. Further reaction with ethane sulfonate groups completes the molecule. All these steps happen under carefully controlled pH and temperature regimes, often using continuous flow reactors to ensure consistency and avoid side products. From experience, waste streams must be handled with respect, as even minor pH shifts create odor issues and incomplete reactions drive up disposal costs. Careful monitoring of batch-to-batch variation, especially chromatographic fingerprints, became a key lesson for me in quality assurance roles. Consistency starts at synthesis—cutting corners shows up quickly in application defects and regulatory reporting.
Beyond direct synthesis, this molecule undergoes two main classes of modifications: further sulfonation to boost solubility for medical imaging, and reductive cleavage to analyze azo bond stability and environmental metabolites. In the field, chemists sometimes add bulky substituents to the indole or the phenyl ring, tuning the absorption profile or improving cell membrane affinity for biological uses. Working with analytical chemists, I saw the molecule used as a reference for screening water contaminants—demonstrating how critical clean, traceable modification records are for reliable downstream application. Sulfonamide linkages open targets for enzyme assays and reporter systems in biomedical research, where slight reagent tweaks matter.
This chemical appears under a handful of names, including popular ones like Sodium Indigoid Sulfonate, Acid Red 73 derivative, and sometimes commercial trade names such as Indochrome S or DCI-AZO S. Industry databases list nearly a dozen synonyms, each appearing in product safety data sheets and research literature. Those dealing with procurement need to stay sharp, since similar-sounding variants may differ at key substituent sites—something I learned after a mislabelled shipment caused an embarrassing rerun of a textile dye batch at a customer site. Using up-to-date registry numbers and structural identifiers (InChI, SMILES) cuts off confusion at the source.
Worker protection relies on strict adherence to safety protocols. Inhalation risks run low given the solid’s low volatility, but prolonged skin contact sometimes produces irritation, especially during large-batch transfers or QC sample prep. Regulatory agencies recommend chemical splash goggles, double nitrile gloves, and localized extraction fans for powder handling. Data from industry indicates chronic exposure to some azo dyes links with allergic sensitization and possibly carcinogenic risks, especially in poorly ventilated sites. In my own lab work, we instituted regular spill drills and maintained explicit logs for all dye transfers—one small error in housekeeping led to a weeklong shutdown after a regulator site visit. Personal vigilance, lockout procedures, and detailed SDS review go far in keeping these incidents rare.
Major applications center on textile dyeing, analytical chemistry, and occasionally in life sciences as cell stains and assay markers. In the textile field, the compound brings enduring, high-intensity color to synthetic fibers, including nylon and polyester—all while resisting photobleaching and detergent attacks. Analytical labs use its sharp UV-vis absorption peak as an internal standard for spectrometry, quality checks, and calibration baselines. Specialized biochemists appreciate how its indole azo framework interacts cleanly with proteins or nucleic acids, allowing detailed tracking in enzyme assays and tissue labeling. My background in applied research meant seeing firsthand how even small improvements—say, slightly better solubility or greater batch purity—translate into fewer customer complaints or more reliable control results on critical production lines.
Research tracks toward several fronts: environmental fate, improved synthesis efficiency, and greater bio-compatibility. Academic groups seek more sustainable feedstocks, aiming to cut the use of hazardous aromatic amines. Others develop variants with extended functional groups to improve fluorescence or tagging power in molecular diagnostics. Industry focus remains locked on process safety, cost reduction, and alternatives to sodium-based salts for applications sensitive to metal contamination. Collaborating with university teams, I saw how cross-sector partnerships spark better ideas: fermentation-based sulfonic acid production, real-time impurity screening, and AI-driven optimization for greener pathways.
Scientists focus on breakdown products—azoreductase-mediated metabolites in animal models and the toxicology profiles for aquatic organisms exposed to wastewater. For this class of compound, the central issue is reduction to aromatic amines, a pathway sometimes leading to carcinogenic by-products. Many labs apply OECD guideline protocols, using zebrafish embryos, daphnia, and mammalian cell cultures to assess acute and chronic effects. I recall a joint review with local water treatment experts, where we evaluated real-world river samples for dye residues. The take-home lesson: rigorous treatment protocols, continuous monitoring of effluent, and rapid reporting cut down on environmental persistence and public health risks, more so than any after-the-fact remediation ever could.
The outlook for Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate turns on both social responsibility and technical ambition. Investments in green chemistry aim to strip hazardous intermediates from the supply chain entirely, pushing for plant-based feedstocks and enzyme catalysts offering near-zero hazardous by-products. The growing digitalization of regulatory tracking promises real-time safety and compliance feedback for every batch. Application-wise, more advanced imaging and analytical uses remain a draw—precision cell labeling, next-generation QC methods, and smart textiles that shift color in response to environmental cues. Sharing data and pooling risk across research, manufacturing, and regulation grants both resilience and agility. Scientists, engineers, and end-users all play a role in shaping safer, smarter uses for this powerful chemical—and in steering it toward a cleaner, more accountable future.
Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate doesn’t exactly roll off the tongue, but its story lines up with big trends in textiles and manufacturing. Most folks outside chemical engineering haven’t come across it, but it plays an important role behind the scenes, especially in making reactive dyes for fabric and yarn businesses.
There’s nothing plain about turning cotton into a shirt that holds its color over a hundred washes. The dyes used to color those fibers deserve credit, and so do the compounds that help dyes stick and last. This sodium-based compound brings the color out in strong ways, allowing bright shades that don’t fade with a few spins in the washing machine. Factories rely on it to build stable dyes that keep up with both consumer trends and tough regulations on colorfastness and safety.
Watch videos in a textile lab and you see how tiny differences in chemistry can change a bright yellow shirt into something dull after a few washes. Textile chemists look for raw materials that play well across long production runs. Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate lands on their list for strong performance. The compound’s azo group gives it its punch, making it perfect for forming stable, water-soluble dyes.
I once sat in during a dye trial for a new sportswear line. Everyone paid close attention to how the color interacted with both polyester and cotton blends. Without the right intermediates, the color would either bleed at the edges or fade unevenly. This sodium-based intermediate allowed the dye to bond tight, even with repeated sweat and wash. That’s proof of its usefulness, not just for appearance, but for giving brands confidence in their products.
Decades ago, textile dyeing left a big mark on rivers in many countries. Certain intermediates got flagged by environmental groups, either for toxicity or because they didn’t break down in water treatment plants. Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate lines up with newer standards. Finished dyes using this compound break down cleaner, which means less impact downstream. Reports from textile regulatory agencies back this up—using specialty intermediates cuts down on both toxic byproducts and color residues in wastewater.
Specialty intermediates aren’t only about better colors on shelves. There’s real demand from consumers for safer clothes, especially for kids and those with allergies. This sodium-based compound helps dye producers meet strict safety codes in Europe and the US. It’s been pressed into service for everything from athletic wear to children’s pajamas, since its chemical profile supports testing for skin safety and environmental impact.
The next step involves scaling up green chemistry. More dye makers can team up with suppliers to develop intermediates that deliver on performance—without risking water pollution or health hazards. That means tracking production closely, investing in closed-loop water systems, and only picking intermediates with strong safety records backed by international studies.
Regulations keep getting tighter on textile dyes. With supply chains stretching around the world, manufacturers want materials they can trust—no matter where fabric finishing takes place. Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate keeps showing up as a reliable intermediate that fits changing industry standards. Its biggest mark may end up being how it supports both vibrant colors and cleaner manufacturing, proving that chemistry plays a quiet but vital role in the clothes people wear every day.
People see these long chemical names and immediately want to know if they’re safe to touch, eat, breathe, or use in any way. Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate falls into that category. This stuff usually pops up as a dye intermediate or colorant in lab settings, but whether it ends up in a food factory or medicine bottle is a whole different story.
Every substance gets judged on how it behaves inside a living body — whether it causes allergies, cancer, or sticks around in organs. Some of the pieces in this chemical’s name, like indoles and azo groups, already raise red flags for certain researchers. Azo compounds have a track record: some break down in the gut and set loose aromatic amines, and those can cause problems. Two of the biggest worries are toxicity and carcinogenicity. In simple terms, labs want to know what happens if it gets on your skin, in your mouth, or into your lungs.
Not every chemical gets a deep dive. I have yet to see any major international food or drug agency greenlight this one for direct human use. No big medical journal stands behind it as a safe ingredient for swallowing, injecting, or smearing on your skin. Heavy hitters like the European Food Safety Authority and the US Food and Drug Administration don’t list it as an approved additive. In my experience combing through chemical safety databases, you usually find only the basics for this compound: warnings for contacts, irritation risks, or vague toxicity, but not enough detail about what happens in a whole living human.
Dyes using azo chemistry can behave unpredictably. Take the batch of banned food dyes from earlier decades: a lot got kicked out for causing tumors in animals. That fact alone makes any new azo dye a candidate for careful handling. People with chemical sensitivities, kids, or those with underlying conditions should keep clear of untested compounds, especially those with a strong dye backbone.
Consumers depend on agencies that put chemicals through rigorous toxicology checks. If there’s no thorough risk assessment, chances are, use gets restricted to the lab or industrial applications, not your kitchen cupboard or medicine shelf. I’ve seen the precautionary principle kick in — if researchers or regulators can’t prove something’s safe, better to hold it back. Lab studies with rodents and cell cultures need to come first, then careful monitoring if it ever gets near humans.
People often want clear advice: “Is it safe or not?” In this case, without official approvals and long-term studies across different age groups and health backgrounds, nobody should assume it’s fit for home or personal use. Better to stick with chemicals holding clear certifications from trusted authorities. If companies or researchers want to explore this compound further, the first step always sits with strong transparency: publish every result, describe every side effect, and keep the public involved before any broad rollout.
Resources:Anyone who's spent time in a lab knows that storage decisions ripple far beyond the shelves. I remember my early years in pharmaceutical research, seeing rookie mistakes turn minor hazards into major headaches because someone shrugged off a label or ignored a procedure. Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate—long name, longer list of things to watch out for. This isn’t just about neatness or compliance. Bad storage choices can mess with product quality, ruin expensive experiments, or put people in danger.
This particular compound usually enters labs as an orange-red solid, flagged for its chemical sensitivity. The big risk involves moisture and light. Many azo dyes break down or change under UV rays. If a storage area gets afternoon sun through a window, cross-contamination or decomposition becomes a real threat. From stubborn stains on clothing to unpredictable fumes in a poorly ventilated room, experience has driven home just how quickly avoidable problems multiply.
Years in the field taught me to never take shortcuts with labeling. Store this compound in airtight containers made of sturdy glass or high-grade plastic. Skipping sealed lids means air and humidity sneak in, leading to clumping, caking, or—worse—breakdown of the actual structure. Humidity above 40% in storage rooms causes problems. I’ve watched colleagues pay the price: ruined batches, finicky quality control inspectors, audits that drag over the same, preventable issues.
Set temperature controls matter more than most folks realize. It helps to keep it at room temperature, aiming for between 15°C and 25°C. Avoiding both heat and freezing prevents swings in consistency. Chemicals that see temperature swings day and night never behave the way protocols expect. One spill or failed batch due to poor storage eats through lab budgets and throws timelines off track.
Don’t stash this compound with acids, peroxides, or anything oxidizing. These mixes push fire risk through the roof. On top of that, prioritize good ventilation. Forgetting airflow corners staff into inhaling fine dust, which comes with its own health warnings. I remember walking into a storage closet in June, no vent and everything crammed together. End result: strong smells, burning eyes, and a full disposal order for contaminated packages. That costs money and time.
Having a spill kit nearby isn’t just for emergencies, it’s sensible daily planning. In the real world, forklifts bump shelves and jars tip. Make gloves and safety goggles non-negotiable, and never let anyone ditch the material safety data sheet. If anything ever goes wrong, details save lives and jobs.
Routine checks on storage rooms prevent mistakes before they snowball. I’ve seen labs boost both safety and productivity just by setting daily reminders to check seals, labels, and shelf conditions. Smart managers rotate stock, avoid overfilling shelves, and keep emergency contacts visible. Communication—direct and frequent—saves plenty of close calls. Suppliers often carry guidelines that match international regulations. Don’t ignore those. When the stakes are this high, play it safe, keep it simple, and make storage decisions count for everyone in the building.
Chemical compounds with long names often get overlooked or misunderstood outside scientific circles. It's easy for people to turn the page when reading complex labels, but anything that gets near food, drink, or the things people put on their skin deserves a closer look. That goes double for substances like Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate, which crops up as a dye in textiles, sometimes in research. Transparency around health impacts really does help keep everyone safer.
Facts matter. Lab studies and safety data sheets point to a handful of concerns. Some azo dyes, including those with molecular skeletons like this one, have raised eyebrows among toxicologists. Certain azo compounds can break down into aromatic amines, some of which carry recognized cancer risks. The European Chemicals Agency, along with several American agencies, has flagged exposure under certain conditions as hazardous, targeting inhalation and direct skin contact in particular. It's the chronic, low-dose exposure that stirs up the most questions—especially for factory workers in textile plants or labs where these substances get handled in powdery or liquid form.
My own work in chemical safety and environmental testing often comes back to the same lesson: just because a compound has been on the market for a while doesn't mean it's harmless. The complex structure here suggests a molecule that's designed to resist breakdown, making persistence in landfills or wastewater treatment a possibility. Runoff from facilities or improper disposal often ends up in waterways, so aquatic toxicity becomes a concern too. The US Environmental Protection Agency has marked similar compounds for closer monitoring based on these pathways.
Eye and skin irritation show up most often in incident logs. Anyone who's tried to dye fabric at home, or handled powdered chemicals in a lab, knows the sting after a bit gets on bare skin. Reports from manufacturing plants describe rashes with repeated exposure. Inhalation of dust during weighing or blending typically leads to coughing or sneezing, but sometimes longer-term effects on the lungs appear. At high concentrations, gastric discomfort or nausea comes up in poison control calls, especially if there's accidental ingestion.
Large-scale studies on this exact molecule remain somewhat limited, though government agencies recommend cautious handling as a baseline. The lack of widespread epidemiological evidence doesn't mean a clean bill of health, it just means not enough time—and not enough data. Most azo dyes in the same category carry warning labels, and this one’s structural cousins have been restricted or banned in products meant for children, especially in Europe.
Working with potentially hazardous chemicals never comes down to simple avoidance. Good ventilation, gloves, and dust masks play a big part in cutting down risk. Some companies now run regular air sampling in mixing rooms, as employees flagged headaches and mild respiratory symptoms before tighter controls rolled out. Investing in training, swapping out unnecessarily complex dyes for less toxic alternatives, and clear communication with end users drive the best results.
People expect the goods they use to be as safe as possible. Keeping that promise means paying attention to side effects and pushing for tighter research, not just waiting for harm to show up years from now. Long names on a label hide real risks; shining light on those names, and talking about their hazards without sugarcoating, steers every industry in a safer direction.
Specialty chemicals like Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate appear in requests from research labs, universities, and the colorant industry. You do not come across this sort of compound at your local hardware store, or even at generalized chemical supply catalogs. Sourcing a reagent with a long IUPAC name often demands understanding not only the chemical itself but also the legitimate channels that handle its sale. As someone who's worked in both university and R&D settings, I know the frustration when a crucial compound holds up weeks of work because of sourcing delays or regulatory red tape.
Chemical suppliers fall into two main camps: large, global corporations like Sigma-Aldrich, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and TCI; and smaller niche operations that cater to researchers seeking hard-to-find compounds. For a specific molecule like this sodium salt derivative, major suppliers sometimes don’t stock it, or only offer it as a custom order, often quoting high minimum purchase amounts. Niche suppliers and boutique intermediaries, such as ChemShuttle or MolPort, aggregate offers from producers worldwide.
Quality and purity matter a lot. A batch with 95.0% purity yields different results than one at pharmaceutical grade. Published certificates of analysis, material safety data sheets (MSDS), and batch test results matter more than a flashy website. Regulatory compliance comes into play too. The seller must have the right licenses, especially if the molecule connects to restricted research. Tracking these issues reveals a lot about how the industry functions: safety and trust trump marketing.
International wholesale suppliers in the US, Europe, China, and India commonly advertise specialty dyes and sulfonate derivatives. Demand might be low, so stock doesn’t flow like common acids and bases. For rare dyes, eastern suppliers sometimes provide more options, though language barriers and customs paperwork introduce complexities. Importing chemicals means additional regulatory hoops with border control and safety authorities. I’ve seen small research teams stumble at that stage, losing both time and money due to missing a customs document.
Chemicals with specialty applications tie into environmental standards. Incorrect disposal creates real problems—legal liability for the purchaser and lasting harm to ecosystems. Reputable sellers educate buyers about end-use stewardship. In the past, chemical waste in the lab made headlines for all the wrong reasons. Today, buyers want more than the right price: they want to know they’re not contributing to a negative cycle.
Reaching out to academic contacts opens doors to shared resources and sometimes, surplus from a prior grant. Some university departments collaborate to combine orders, splitting the cost and simplifying paperwork. Checking the chemical’s status with the CAS Registry or PubChem ensures both legal compliance and clarity about structure—especially useful with complex derivatives.
For anyone searching for Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate, a targeted approach beats a scattershot email campaign. Starting with established suppliers, verifying quality documents, keeping regulatory needs in mind, and leaning on the scientific community all pave the way to a reliable purchase. Real-world experience shows a little persistence and due diligence save days of grief on the other side.
![Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate](/static/81c4c90b-3bfe-4770-bbec-fcbf5e0a3809/images/2d/sodium-2-2-5-dichloro-4-2-methyl-1h-indol-3-yl-azo-phenyl-sulphonyl-amino-ethanesulphonate.png)
![Sodium 2-[[[2,5-Dichloro-4-[(2-Methyl-1H-Indol-3-Yl)Azo]Phenyl]Sulphonyl]Amino]Ethanesulphonate](/static/81c4c90b-3bfe-4770-bbec-fcbf5e0a3809/images/3d/sodium-2-2-5-dichloro-4-2-methyl-1h-indol-3-yl-azo-phenyl-sulphonyl-amino-ethanesulphonate.gif)
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Sodium 2-[[[2,5-dichloro-4-[(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)diazenyl]phenyl]sulfonyl]amino]ethane-1-sulfonate |
| Other names |
D&C Red 8 C.I. 15850:2 Acid Red 88 C.I. Acid Red 88 Acid Red G Red 2 Dichlororhodamine B sulfonate C.I. 15850:1 |
| Pronunciation | /ˈsoʊdiəm tuː ˈtuː ˈfaɪv daɪˈklɔːroʊ ˈfɔːr ˈtuː ˈmɛθɪl wʌn eɪtʃ ɪnˈdɒl θriː ˈæzoʊ ˈfiːnəl ˈsʌlfənaɪl əˈmiːnoʊ ˈɛθeɪnˌsʌlfoʊneɪt/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 6846-26-0 |
| Beilstein Reference | 6429006 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:86926 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2103834 |
| ChemSpider | 8340002 |
| DrugBank | DB08806 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 13-2118889448-44-0000 |
| EC Number | EC 413-720-8 |
| Gmelin Reference | 126380 |
| KEGG | C22618 |
| MeSH | Dichlorvos |
| PubChem CID | 2713748 |
| RTECS number | HS2985000 |
| UNII | 0Y20G9J07V |
| UN number | UN3077 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID3015838 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C18H16Cl2N4NaO6S2 |
| Molar mass | 554.41 g/mol |
| Appearance | Red powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.61 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Soluble in water |
| log P | -2.7 |
| Vapor pressure | <0.0001 mm Hg (20°C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 6.83 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 6.52 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -31.0·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.663 |
| Dipole moment | 6.7 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 316 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -859.6 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -1431 kJ·mol⁻¹ |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | A10BB03 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Harmful if swallowed. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, GHS09 |
| Pictograms | GHS05, GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H315, H319, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | Precautionary statements: P264, P280, P305+P351+P338, P337+P313 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1-2-0 |
| Lethal dose or concentration | Oral rat LD50: >2000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Oral rat LD50 >5000 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | WF4600000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 10 mg/L |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not listed |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Acid Yellow 49 Solvent Yellow 16 Sudan I Acid Orange 7 C.I. Acid Yellow 17 |
