The world met C-Acid at the crossroads of chemistry and industry, somewhere in the late 19th century. Early synthetic dyestuffs leaned on simple aromatic amines, but practical minds wanted more color, more stability, and more ways to hook functional groups to aromatic rings. Around this point, innovators honed in on 2-Amino-5-chloro-toluene sulfonic acid. Its backbone – a benzene ring carrying methyl, amino, chloro, and sulfonic acid groups – left the door open to a flood of new azo dyes. C-Acid’s quick adoption in Central Europe and South Asia came through direct textile applications and the world’s growing appetite for solid, reliable colorants. Over decades, factories from India’s Gujarat to Germany’s Rheinland shaped C-Acid into a workhorse chemical in dye manufacturing, stepping past patent wars and supply chain headaches.
Chemically, C-Acid stands out as a building block that refuses to play a backseat role. This aromatic sulfonic acid, known scientifically as 2-amino-4-methyl-5-chlorobenzene sulfonic acid, combines reactivity from its amino and sulfonic acid groups with the subtle tweaks of chlorine and methyl. Each functional group isn’t just for show: manufacturers value the amino group for coupling, rely on the sulfonic acid for solubility, trust the methyl for stabilization, and use the chlorine to steer electronic effects. These features put C-Acid at the heart of a wide family of azo dyes and pigment syntheses, reaching fields from textile coloration to pharmaceutical intermediates. Factories order it by the ton in powder form, carefully labeling bags for dye, ink, and specialty chemical sectors. With its molecular weight around 223 g/mol, this compound doesn’t just sit on the shelf – it keeps entire production lines humming along.
Anyone handling C-Acid recognizes its crystalline pale yellow to tan powder, fairly odorless yet packing serious punch when chemistry gets underway. It dissolves well in water owing to the sulfonic acid group, giving acidic solutions with pH under 1 at decent concentrations. At room temperature, it keeps stability, avoiding sublimation or decomposition. Its melting point generally ranges from 250°C to 290°C, depending on sample purity. In my own work, C-Acid stood up fine under the caustics of azo coupling but needed careful storage in dry conditions: enough moisture lets clumps form, though the core chemistry rarely shifts. Strong bases or acids can chew away at some functionalities, but under normal industrial conditions, it navigates the workflow without major fuss. Analytical chemists value its distinct TLC and UV-Vis profiles, which help track the compound through reactions and guarantee batch quality. Its chlorine atom also makes it easy to spot in spectroscopic tests, whether NMR or mass spectrometry.
Suppliers selling to global markets must get technical specs right, since customers expect clear documentation. Typical purity levels run at 98% or higher, with moisture content and related aromatic amines strictly capped. Color index numbers from international standards help mills double-check batch conformity, while the right CAS and EINECS numbers keep customs headaches at bay. Batches usually ship in multi-wall paper or HDPE bags, labeled with hazard information in line with GHS standards. Testing for heavy metals like lead or arsenic keeps the product safe for downstream dye and pigment use. Basic particle size distribution also gets attention, as it affects dissolution and mixing. Most quality labs issue certificates of analysis showing melting points, assay, TLC results, and key impurities, setting expectations for processing teams and compliance auditors. Labeling must clearly warn of irritant effects and lay out step-by-step safety measures for warehouses and blending rooms.
The synthesis route for C-Acid draws on historic organic chemistry skills you’d see in any old-school dye plant textbook. A primary method starts with toluene, which undergoes nitration to introduce nitro groups exactly where they’re needed. Chlorination follows tightly controlled conditions to add chlorine at the 5-position, trading speed for selectivity. Sulfonation paves the way for the final amino introduction: a precise reduction produces the all-important 2-amino group without over-reducing other moieties. Over the years, researchers swapped out old, messy reagents for more selective catalysts and eco-friendlier solvents, cutting down on hazardous waste. Many plants now use continuous flow reactors, which handle exotherms better and keep worker exposures in check. Purification leans on water washes, crystallization, and careful drying to end up with a free-flowing powder, protected from the air. Aside from purity, yields matter – a few lost percent bite into margins when scaling up.
C-Acid earns its keep in the plant through the ease with which its amino group enters diazotization reactions, creating diazonium salts for coupling with phenolic or heterocyclic partners. These couplings throw open doors to an entire class of azo dyes, prized for colorfast properties and bright shades. Beyond this central act, the sulfonic acid group anchors these dyes onto fiber backbones, guaranteeing deep, lasting shades from cotton to silk. Chemists often modify C-Acid itself before dye use: they tweak the methyl group to shift solubility, or selectively substitute the chlorine to explore new color tones. Other processes run further aromatic substitutions or even link C-Acid units into tandem structures, boosting dye bath efficiency. Its reactivity also pops up in pharmaceutical chemistry, where the combination of amino, methyl, and sulfonic functionalities provides key scaffolds for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drug synthesis. Companies invest plenty of R&D dollars to gently nudge the classic C-Acid skeleton, always testing for new patentable molecules at the edges of this chemistry.
Walk into chemical trade shows or read warehouse labels and you’ll run into a maze of names for this one compound: C-Acid, Clt Acid, 2-Amino-5-chloro-toluene-4-sulfonic acid, and trade names from Indian, Chinese, or European suppliers. The same molecule may also be called 2-amino-4-methyl-5-chlorobenzene sulfonic acid, and sometimes gets listed under umbrella names in the Color Index or EINECS entries. Catalogs will mention its place among intermediate dye acids and note key structural variants. Customs and regulatory authorities expect consistency, so paperwork must link trade, systematic, and regulatory names to guarantee smooth international shipments. That mouthful of chemical synonyms reflects both the compound’s history and its reach across markets and traditions.
Anyone who has moved sacks of C-Acid knows dust control matters. Fine powder can irritate eyes, skin, and the respiratory tract, especially in poorly ventilated rooms. Workers should suit up with gloves, goggles, and if needed, dust-filtering masks, following every step in the MSDS. Direct ingestion produces stomach upset, and splashes in the eyes sting sharply. Emergency showers and eyewash stations line factory halls for a reason. Storage in cool, dry spaces cuts down on clumping and limits any accidental decomposition. Chemically, C-Acid reacts with strong oxidizers – spills involving these require careful containment. Disposal needs company with local and national hazardous waste guidelines, as sulfonic and amine groups resist easy breakdown. Training, labeling, and compliance audits keep incidents rare, but every facility relies on regular drills and clean equipment to keep everything safe.
C-Acid doesn’t just belong in chemical textbooks; it powers the core of modern textile coloration. Azo dyes built from C-Acid anchor themselves to natural and synthetic fibers, showing off resistance to washing, light, and acids. Beyond textiles, the compound’s reactive groups drive pigment synthesis for printing inks, plastics, and even high-end paper coatings. Pharmaceutical labs hunt for its backbone in new intermediates, while fine chemical makers build veterinary drugs and agrochemicals on its aromatic rings. I remember a project in a Europe-based pigment plant where even trace impurities in C-Acid were blamed for off-shade batches—attention to quality could make or break production. In growing Asian markets, its uses now spill into leather processing and specialty surfactants. The need for reliable, consistent C-Acid hasn’t faded with time; newer tech just demands cleaner product, faster shipments, and regulatory clarity.
R&D labs push the boundaries on what C-Acid can do, not just what it has done. A lot of effort heads towards greening up the synthesis: catalysts that reduce waste, solvent swaps to cut down on effluent, and closed-loop recycling of mother liquors. Analysts develop fingerprints for every key impurity, letting them fine-tune upstream steps and squeeze out extra yield. Some groups focus on the dye chemistry itself – chasing faster, more reliable couplings and even introducing enzymatic approaches for certain modifications. Others run computational studies, mapping electronic properties to design next-generation colorants or drug molecules. More recently, teams in both academia and industry have tried blending C-Acid pathways with biocatalysis, aiming for lower energy use and gentler operating conditions. Those labs who solve these puzzles first gain not just greener chemistry, but a jump on competitors in regulatory-friendlier markets.
Long-term exposure research on C-Acid keeps safety managers and toxicologists busy. Acute exposure data shows low but real risks: skin and eye irritation top the list of complaints from workers, while oral ingestion can cause serious gastric distress. Chronic effects are less conclusive, though repeated high-dose animal trials suggest some mild hepatic stress without extreme toxic outcomes. Evolving regulations in the EU and US force annual reviews of allowable workplace concentrations, backed by real-world air monitoring and urinary metabolite tests. Bioaccumulation remains a minor issue thanks to water solubility, but concerns linger around metabolites in aquatic systems, pushing environmental labs to study breakdown pathways and possible toxicity to algae and aquatic life. Safety data sheets get annual revisions to reflect this new science, with most responsible manufacturers taking a proactive approach on workforce training and facility upgrades.
Global demand for safe, high-quality colorants isn’t disappearing soon, and C-Acid keeps a central spot in many dye houses’ order lists. Moves toward sustainable textile processing will test the industry’s ability to minimize waste and energy use during synthesis, while tighter regulation on aromatic amines will reward those shops investing in cleaner, safer processes. Technological leaps in controlled-release pharmaceuticals and anti-infective agents also point to new uses for modified C-Acid backbones, with value lying in efficient functional group introduction. In my own experience, companies willing to revisit classic chemistry with modern eyes – by upgrading purification or automating hazard controls – end up setting the new bar for the industry. As regulatory and customer pressures shape chemical supply chains, C-Acid will need smarter production and tracking, but it has never lost its edge as a creative tool in chemists’ kits.
Every time I visit a textile market or watch bold colors splashed across fabrics, chemistry hums in the background. C-Acid, also known as 2 Amino 5-Chloro Toluene Sulfonic Acid, plays a big role in making that possible. This compound steps up as a critical intermediate when manufacturers make azo dyes. Dyes based on this acid deliver vivid reds, deep oranges, and reliable earth tones, especially in cotton and synthetic fibers. The process usually starts by coupling C-Acid with diazonium compounds. That forms stable dye molecules, with colors that hold fast through repeated washing. Textile mills around the world depend on these reactions, and so do artists and craftspeople searching for lasting pigmentation.
Many of us forget dyes don’t only live on clothes. Take a look at printed packaging, book covers, and even that favorite t-shirt logo. Dye manufacturers count on C-Acid to build dispersible dyes for inks. High-speed printing presses run better with dispersants that prevent clumping and help color penetrate quickly into paper or cloth. By starting with C-Acid, chemical engineers gain a foundation for dyes that stay bright and resist light damage. In a time when packaging design makes or breaks a sale, color durability isn’t a detail, it’s a necessity.
Industrial coloring demands more than aesthetics. Paints, plastics, and rubber require pigments that withstand sunlight, moisture, and heat. C-Acid provides a path to sulfonic-acid-based pigments, which bond securely within polymer chains or paint films. Trucks exposed to harsh environments, children’s toys, and even stadium seats benefit from the stability this compound imparts. Reliable sources report that the robust chemical structure of C-Acid derivatives shields against UV rays, so color doesn’t break down quickly. This means fewer recalls and longer product lifetimes.
Some people would not expect links between dyes and medicine, but the connection exists. C-Acid’s reactivity makes it useful as a building block for pharmaceutical intermediates. Chemists use it to anchor other groups in drug molecules, often involving sulfonic acids that interact well with water and biological systems. Trusted pharmaceutical sources highlight its value in crafting molecules that need precise orientation and reactivity. This sort of backbone chemistry hides beneath the surface, yet it pushes drug innovation forward.
While C-Acid enables innovation, the flip side raises valid concerns. Manufacturing and use can produce wastewater laced with organic residues. Environmental audits have flagged dye intermediates as contributors to water pollution. In my experience with industrial labs, treating wastewater before discharge stands out as both a technical and ethical priority. Ozonation, activated carbon, and bio-filtration technologies offer pathways to capture leftovers and minimize harm. Regulatory frameworks in Europe, India, and China increasingly demand traceability from plant to product. Companies investing in cleaner processes not only comply but also gain trust from consumers and stakeholders.
Manufacturers seek reliable, cost-effective processes without shortcuts that endanger workers or communities. Training staff to handle C-Acid safely, wearing protective equipment, and installing proper ventilation go a long way in reducing risks. Collaboration with local authorities helps keep operations transparent. Some leaders in the industry look at green alternatives, reformulating dyes or switching to bio-based intermediates. While these changes take time, each step reflects a growing sense of responsibility. From robust research in German and Indian chemical parks to tighter supply chain controls, responsible handling of C-Acid shows the sector moving in a positive direction.
C-Acid, also known as 2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid, looks like a reddish-brown powder. Its color becomes much deeper after air exposure. The compound dissolves easily in hot water, and what’s interesting about it, the solution created from this acid isn’t clear. It's usually dark, almost murky, and often teases out a faint odor that points to its sulfonic acid roots. In the world of raw materials, especially those connected to the dye business, spotting C-Acid among the many aromatic compounds doesn’t require much effort once you’ve seen it a few times. The naphthalene base makes it hefty compared to simpler molecules in organic chemistry.
Anyone familiar with dyes or pigments has probably bumped into C-Acid’s chemistry. This compound brings two sulfonic acid groups and a hydroxyl group, hanging off a naphthalene ring. That trifecta means strong acidity, high solubility in water, and an ability to partner with many chemicals. C-Acid’s acidity comes from those sulfonic groups, both ready to donate protons. It reacts easily with basic compounds, especially alkaline substances, making it easy to shift this acid into salt forms. The chemistry gets even more interesting with C-Acid’s hydroxyl group. That part of the molecule jumps into condensation reactions, linking up with other organics, playing a key role in building complex dye molecules.
C-Acid’s chemical nature gives it a central role as an intermediate in azo dye manufacturing. The world still runs on textiles, and the dye houses count on reliable, high-performing chemicals. C-Acid, because of its ability to form stable diazo compounds, leads to colors that stick better to fibers, especially cotton. It’s tough to substitute this sort of raw material — performance and reliability in tough industrial environments keeps it in the mix. Its disulfonic acid content means good solubility, better color yield, and consistent tone. Chemical companies in India and China, having scaled up operations, offer C-Acid in robust volumes, driving pricing down but also raising environmental concerns around byproduct management. Factories handling this material always keep an eye on water treatment because sulfonated organics stress municipal plants.
C-Acid doesn’t pack extreme hazards like some other aromatic compounds, but it still demands care. Frequent exposure can irritate the skin and eyes. Direct inhalation of dust causes problems for workers, so the right protective measures matter. Management of liquid waste containing C-Acid stays high on the safety list. Discharging sulfonated naphthalene compounds into water threatens aquatic life, mainly because they don’t break down quickly. Countries with strict environmental checks push factories to recover and treat effluents, capturing or breaking down these chemicals before they reach rivers or lakes. Some newer treatment technologies use advanced oxidation or adsorbent materials to trap or destroy stubborn sulfonates. Companies that take these steps build trust with buyers and protect the ecosystem their own workers rely on.
People in the chemical business look to alternatives and green chemistry to cut down the risks. It takes investment in better process controls, real-time effluent testing, and safer handling systems. I’ve seen teams put simple solutions to work like improving ventilation and giving out better gloves, but big jumps come from switching to closed systems and automated transfer, which cuts down worker exposure and loss. Clients and regulators ask about this stuff; no one shrugs it off anymore. Being smart with C-Acid means balancing chemical performance with a sense of duty to safety and the planet, not just short-term profits.
C-Acid stands out on any chemical inventory shelf. Folks in labs and factories know its punch. The compound stains, irritates skin, and reacts badly if you let it wander outside its comfort zone. I remember a lab tech who got just a few crystals on his hands—within minutes, red blotches and sharp stinging forced him to the eyewash station. Little stumbles like that remind us: this isn’t a substance for casual handling.
It’s tempting to toss every solid chemical in a general cabinet and call it sorted. That mistake shows up later, though, when poor airflow lets moisture sneak in or an acid leak corrodes a shelf. I’ve seen storage routines vary from shop to shop, but the best setups keep C-Acid in durable, sealed containers—polyethylene or glass—tucked in dry spots away from direct sun. Temperatures swing in uninsulated warehouses and can ruin the product or set off slowly building reactions. Refrigerated or climate-controlled cabinets don’t just protect the acid; they keep coworkers safe too.
Walking through a well-run chemical storehouse, I spot bold, clear labels. No faded ink or lopsided stickers. Each C-Acid container tells you who bought it, when, what concentration. Emergency info—spill cleanup, health risks—should ride on every bottle. During a fire drill once, confusion over a smudge on a chemical’s label wasted precious minutes. Strong labels aren’t bureaucratic hurdles—they’re a shield for everyone in the building.
My first internship drilled one rule into me: treat PPE like keys to the lab. Gloves, safety glasses, lab coat—no shortcuts around these. Splash goggles help if powders puff up during weighing; nitrile gloves hold up better under accidental spills compared to latex. Never skip the fume hood. I’ve seen technicians try to weigh out C-Acid at open benches, only to regret breathing in the dust that rides invisible on the air. No shortcut saves as much time as working safely to begin with.
Accidents still happen, no matter how careful you think you are. Having spill kits, absorbent pads, and neutralizing agents in arm’s reach makes cleanup quick. Respirators store nearby in higher-risk areas help if dust gets airborne. My former safety supervisor insisted we walk through emergency steps every quarter—using the same kit we’d trust during a spill. That hands-on familiarity builds confidence into more than just a written policy.
Too many places stockpile old, half-used jars of C-Acid, thinking someone will use them up. That gamble rarely pays off. Routine audits cut down on expired or degraded chemicals, which pose bigger risks over time. Only certified hazardous waste firms should haul away the residue. Faking proper disposal doesn’t work: one lab lost its license after inspectors traced a chemical dump to their dumpster. Owning the whole process, from delivery to disposal, upholds the trust every operation needs with its workers and neighbors.
No one expects accidents to make headlines, but skipping steps turns routine work into risky business. Safe handling and storage reflect more than policy—they show respect for coworkers and the science itself. It takes real effort, but that work pays dividends measured in quiet, productive shifts instead of emergency calls.
C-Acid, known in the chemical world as 2-Amino-5-naphthol-7-sulfonic acid, comes with a CAS number of 91-30-5 and a molecular formula of C10H9NO4S. This name crops up regularly in the field of dyes and pigments, and with good reason. C-Acid sits at the intersection of tradition and innovation in color chemistry, showing just how deep the roots run between our everyday lives and the science behind the colors that surround us.
Knowing the CAS number—91-30-5—removes confusion, especially since many substances go by more than one name. In a real-world lab, researchers and buyers need this identifier to get what they’re paying for, keep up with safety standards, and prevent costly mistakes. With the molecular formula C10H9NO4S, chemists can break down exactly what they’re dealing with, from toxicity assessments to process improvements. Trade, shipping, and regulations ask for this information at every border crossing or inventory check. Chemical traceability and accuracy have saved more than a few careers.
C-Acid serves a specific niche—not just as a compound, but as a backbone of the dye industry. Years in a manufacturing environment showed me that even minor inconsistencies in source materials lead straight to rejected batches or inconsistent color in products. C-Acid acts like a building block for other dyes, especially in the creation of azo dyes. These colors end up in everything from fabrics to inks, plastics, and even food packaging. Strict regulatory attention ensures companies don’t allow hazardous breakdown byproducts or environmental run-off. Regulators don’t just ask for names; they need that CAS number and exact formula to evaluate risk and safety, which influences entire supply chains.
Handling of C-Acid raises plenty of concern for worker safety and environmental protection. Direct, prolonged exposure can bring skin and eye irritation. Some byproducts may act as mutagens or carcinogens if handled carelessly or disposed of improperly. I’ve seen teams forced to upgrade equipment and change disposal practices overnight after new studies highlighted previously unrecognized dangers. The formula tells toxicologists and health professionals exactly what risks they’re up against and shapes the protocols that keep people healthy.
Producers should keep a sharper eye on both raw material sourcing and waste management. Choice of supplier, quality of documentation, and regular audits prove more critical now than ever due to increased scrutiny in markets like the EU. Imagine a future where every drum or bag of C-Acid comes with digital chain-of-custody tracking—no one can cut corners or hide unsafe batches. Training front-line workers and investing in safer alternatives can also keep risk down and reputation up. In my experience, regular refresher training, translated labels, and simple visual aids work wonders for compliance.
C-Acid, anchored by its CAS number 91-30-5 and molecular formula C10H9NO4S, exemplifies how chemistry, business, and responsibility meet in daily industry life. Its role stretches from the lab bench to the factory floor, landing on products seen and used by millions worldwide. Treating it with respect and diligence isn’t just a technical choice—it builds trust and protects lives.
Anyone who handles C-Acid up close knows that caution comes baked into every step. Chemists feel the sting of its corrosiveness; logistics managers factor its volatility right into their spreadsheets. This is a compound that can cause serious burns on skin contact and do lasting harm if fumes drift into lungs. Spills don't just turn up as messy stains—they become small emergency scenes. A bad leak in a truck, even just beyond city limits, turns into news fast.
Data out of chemical safety boards show most C-Acid incidents start with poor storage and careless loading. Unlike milder acids, C-Acid reacts quickly with water, even humidity. Vapors rise with barely any provocation. The chemical’s unwanted habit of eating through metal means containers must meet a high bar. Workers, drivers, and maintenance folks tell stories about the unusual colored smoke, the strange taste in the air, gloves that feel too thin. Chronic exposure can lead to throat and lung damage, a risk faced too often by clean-up crews.
A few years in a plant or on the road with chemical cargo makes clear: barrels and drums alone don’t make for safety. Proper containers show off clear, tough labels no matter the weather. Good practice skips shortcuts. Load securement goes right to company culture—nobody wants a barrel rolling loose, chewing up trailer walls or worse, opening up over a rough stretch.
Hauling teams pick routes for good reasons. Too much sun or heat on a parking lot while waiting for offloading turns risk levels up. Enforcement starts with the basics: making sure pallet wraps hold, seals fit, and backup containers stay close. Smart companies schedule regular safety drills, teaching crews what real chemical exposure looks like, feels like, and how fast the timeline for response shrinks.
Reporting shows that the lowest incident rates coincide with those who invest in driver training and follow-up. DOT regulations already set high standards, but the folks who excel treat those rules as the floor, not the ceiling. Long-time truckers I know stash extra PPE, not from a checklist, but from experience—they’ve all seen at least one oddball accident that made them rethink “unlikely.”
C-Acid doesn’t just stop being a threat because the barrel's empty or a process wraps up. Waste treatment centers with years of handling dangerous chemicals always start with neutralization. Mixing C-Acid with incompatible materials, even by accident, sends off heat and hazardous gas. Local lawmakers won’t cut anyone a break for improper dumping, especially after high-profile leaks that contaminated ground or drinking water.
Safe disposal depends on both technology and vigilance. Incinerators rated for hazardous material run full days behind heavy security; even sewage systems can’t just “process” C-Acid. I’ve met disposal site workers who walk incoming chemical shipments with their own test strips to double-check what’s on the shipping paper. Oversight means audits, spot checks, and, yes, a fair bit of paperwork—but the price of a missed reaction is worse.
Communities near disposal facilities often push for published disclosure and real-time spill reporting. After decades spent dealing with the aftermath of mishandled waste, watchdog groups demand accountability from companies and regulators alike. Their pressure leads to tougher regulation and, over time, better industry habits.
The clearest lesson, from old hands and young apprentices alike: know your risks, respect the hazards, take all the steps—every single time. C-Acid does not reward carelessness or shortcuts. Personal protection must fit right and be used as much as possible, every shift. Clear and honest reporting keeps teams aware and reduces incidents that put people and neighborhoods on high alert. Regulations set the path, but diligence finishes the journey.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 2-amino-5-chloro-4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid |
| Other names |
Clt Acid C-Acid 2-Amino-5-Chloro Toluene-4-Sulfonic Acid 2-Amino-4-Methyl-5-Chloro Benzene Sulfonic Acid |
| Pronunciation | /tuː ˈæmɪnoʊ faɪv ˈklɔːroʊ təˈluːiːn sʌlˈfɒnɪk ˈæsɪd/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 6332-21-8 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | `CC1=C(C=C(C=C1N)S(=O)(=O)O)Cl` |
| Beilstein Reference | 80567 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:62805 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2175379 |
| ChemSpider | 21584491 |
| DrugBank | DB08226 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 17c51b93-89b3-48cf-bd7b-6510c5cdcec7 |
| EC Number | 275-156-2 |
| Gmelin Reference | Gmelin Reference: 83068 |
| KEGG | C05583 |
| MeSH | D017410 |
| PubChem CID | 23835177 |
| RTECS number | DE3150000 |
| UNII | 3GH1Y13VT6 |
| UN number | UN2581 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID2054185 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C7H8ClNO3S |
| Molar mass | 255.68 g/mol |
| Appearance | Appearance: Off white to light grey powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.40 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | soluble in water |
| log P | 0.33 |
| Acidity (pKa) | -0.7 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 8.24 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -49.5·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.635 |
| Dipole moment | 4.45 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 210.0 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -566.2 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -1554.2 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Harmful if swallowed, causes skin and eye irritation, may cause respiratory irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, GHS09 |
| Pictograms | ['GHS07', 'GHS09'] |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H302, H315, H319, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | Keep container tightly closed. Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place. Avoid breathing dust. Wash thoroughly after handling. Use personal protective equipment as required. Avoid release to the environment. |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 2-2-0 |
| Flash point | Above 100°C |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose) of product 'C-Acid (Clt Acid) (2 Amino 5-Chloro Toluene Sulfonic Acid) Or 2-Amino 4 Methyl 5-Chloro Benzene Sulfonic Acid)' is "5000 mg/kg (rat, oral)". |
| NIOSH | GR2375000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) for 2-Amino-5-chloro toluene sulfonic acid (C-Acid): Not established. |
| REL (Recommended) | 0.2 mg/m³ |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not established |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Sulfanilic acid Tobias acid Metanilic acid Anthranilic acid 2-Amino-5-methylbenzenesulfonic acid 2-Amino-4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid |
