The story of 3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid goes back more than a century to the era of rapidly growing industrial chemistry. Early synthetic chemists needed stronger acids and more reliable sulfonation agents for dyes and explosives, which drove tinkering with nitroaromatics. As factories adopted the production of intermediates for azo dyes and rubber chemicals, demand for stable, easy-to-handle sulfonic acid grew. Early forms were clumsy, as dark sticky pastes posed concerns for both storage and worker safety. Granulation technology changed the game by packaging these acids in stable, dust-reduced particles. I’ve seen in catalog archives and patents from the 1950s on that this shift made transportation safer, warehouse managers more at ease, and reduced environmental spills at plants. It left a mark on chemical processing history, fueling broader use in colorant, rubber, and pharmaceuticals industries right through the decades.
3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid Granules at 80% purity offer a practical solution for multiple chemical processes. Labs and manufacturers appreciate the predictable dissolving rate and ease of weighing. The product comes as dense, yellow to brown granules instead of loose powder, cutting down on dust and exposure. Large-scale buyers rely on this format to make batch processing simpler, whether the day calls for sulfonation or preparing chemical derivatives. Its granule form means less chance of accidental inhalation and spill cleanup becomes more manageable compared to sticky liquid or fine powder forms. In my experience, a drum of these granules fits right into a storage routine and doesn’t need special refrigeration, which many operators value for everyday logistics.
At room temperature, these granules present as yellowish-brown pieces, easy to scoop and less volatile than solutions. Density often falls between 1.6 and 1.8 g/cm³, with solubility tilting toward water and most polar organic solvents. You’ll handle a material with strong acidity due to its sulfonic group, while the nitro substitution at the aromatic ring dials up reactivity—particularly in electrophilic reactions and redox work. Melting points usually hover just over 100°C. The substance remains stable under typical warehouse light and dry conditions but, like many strong acids, it picks up moisture if left exposed. The nose will pick up a sharp, pungent scent that signals both chemical strength and need for respect in handling.
Quality granules come with a purity spec of no less than 80%, with moisture content rarely exceeding 5%. Maximum iron limits often run below 0.05% to avoid unwanted side reactions downstream. Labels at established suppliers report physical state, hazard codes, UN numbers, handling pictograms, and recommended PPE. If a label omits the CAS number or EINECS index, that’s an instant red flag in purchasing. Technical data sheets show detailed handling instructions, but I also check particle size distribution, which often falls in the 2 to 5 mm range for reputable brands. Batch numbers, manufacturing dates, and expiry ensure compliance with ISO and REACH tracking requirements; I always recommend verifying these before accepting delivery.
Production starts with direct sulfonation of 3-nitrochlorobenzene using concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum under strict temperature control. Once the aromatic ring has undergone sulfonic group addition, the intermediate undergoes cooling, neutralization where necessary, and controlled granulation using spray or drum drying. Granulation lines rely on steady agitation and precise moisture control to avoid agglomerated lumps. Post-granulation sieving guarantees near-uniform granule sizes. It’s not uncommon for operators to recycle dust and undersized particles. I’ve toured plants where they use closed systems to trap fumes and minimize environmental impact, which any responsible manufacturer now takes as standard.
This acid’s structure supports a breadth of transformations. The nitro group enables reduction to an amine, giving rise to para-sulfonic aniline derivatives—major building blocks in dye synthesis. Reactivity of the sulfonic group serves as a launching point for salt formation or substitution reactions, often used in formulating dispersants and surfactants. It slides into diazotization, nucleophilic substitution, and even condensation steps. Multiple research teams have used these avenues to design advanced colorants and pharmaceutical intermediates where reactivity and selectivity rule the day. In industry, targeted modifications like alkali fusion or metal reduction transform this relatively simple molecule into new products with big commercial payoff.
Looking up procurement tables, you’ll see synonyms such as 3-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, m-Nitrobenzene sulfonic acid, NSBA, and 3-Nitro-1-benzenesulfonic acid. Trade names might vary slightly, but reputable catalogs cross-reference these alternatives. Some suppliers also list EINECS or EC numbers for regulatory purposes. The importance of clear naming can’t be overstated—one simple mix-up between ortho and meta isomers or between acid and salt could upend a synthesis batch or result in incompatible storage with other chemicals.
Strict adherence to safety is non-negotiable. Being a strong acid and potent irritant, direct contact brings immediate skin and respiratory discomfort, while inhalation can provoke severe reactions in unprotected operators. Standard procedure calls for gloves, goggles, and acid-resistant gear. Facilities need well-marked spill kits and ventilation, not just in fume hoods but also storage sheds. Emergency protocols for swallowing or skin contact rely on quick first-aid response and clear MSDS documentation posted near workstations. Fire risk stays low under normal conditions, but in mixtures with other organics or strong bases, risks escalate. I’ve seen well-prepared warehouses opt for segregated shelving and secondary containment, which makes regulatory audits easier and shields staff from potential exposure incidents.
Major uses converge around colorants and chemical intermediates. On the dye frontier, the granulated acid provides a foundation for producing azo compounds, direct dyes, and pigments demanded by textile, leather, and paper sectors. Rubber industries use it in vulcanization accelerator synthesis, making those sturdy weatherproof tires and seals possible. Water treatment and specialty surfactant makers tap it for dispersant and defoamer design. It even shows up in selective pharmaceutical syntheses where controlled acidity and nitro functionality fit a very particular step—think sulfa drugs and sulfonamide-based agents. Operators in the field value the granule form for how it simplifies dosing and waste management through every workflow from kilo lab to truck scale.
Research teams in university and industrial labs keep pushing the envelope with 3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid derivatives. Modern projects focus on greener methods—recycling sulfonation media, reducing unwanted byproducts, and improving yield from limited feedstocks. Analytical chemists deploy advanced chromatography and mass spectrometry to understand subtle differences in granule quality and impurity profiles. Biochemists have begun exploring sulfonic acid-modified aromatic rings for new antimicrobials and enzyme inhibitors, adding value to what started off as a commodity intermediate. Projects fund automation enhancements in granulation, which drives down dust formation even further—good news for both workers and environmental compliance officers.
Concerns over toxicity shape both handling rules and regulatory debates. Acute exposure to the skin or eyes produces significant irritation, and chronic exposure could put respiratory health at risk. Rodent studies, referenced in both public databases and private safety sheets, point toward potential organ toxicity at high exposure levels, though human data remain limited. Environmental release poses a risk for aquatic life, as nitroaromatic sulfonic derivatives linger in the ecosystem and resist rapid breakdown. Wastewater treatment plants monitor for these compounds, especially near dye and rubber plants, to prevent systemic pollution. My network of plant safety managers puts a premium on closed transfer systems and strict wastewater reporting to keep local regulators satisfied and workers safe from long-term harm.
The future for 3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid Granules 80% continues to look strong as specialty chemicals find wider roles in modern industries. Researchers invest in sustainable synthesis—less hazardous reagents, less energy, and closed-loop recycling all receive steady attention. Automated warehouse robotics and real-time monitoring promise even safer storage and shipment. Green chemistry initiatives shape not only how people make and use this product, but also the downstream applications in cleaner dyes, more efficient water treatment, and smarter materials design. Collaboration between plant managers, R&D scientists, and regulatory agencies will decide just how far these innovations reach. With digital process control and stricter environmental standards, the next generation of this granulated acid will likely move farther toward low-impact, high-reliability industrial workhorse status.
Factories can’t run without chemicals that drive reactions reliably and safely. 3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid Granules 80% stands out in the mix, especially for work in the dye, pigment, and detergent worlds. I remember seeing giant bags marked “NBSA” in a textile mill during my chemical engineering internship. The folks on the line understood its value straight off—this stuff doesn’t just sit pretty on a shelf. It’s in their recipes for color, prepping fabric, or cleaning tough stains.
Anyone who’s worn a favorite t-shirt probably never thinks about sulfonation. Yet it’s 3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid that lets textile factories fix bright, lasting dye onto fabric. Companies stick with granules at 80% for handling and safety. Spills become less of a disaster. Workers can measure out precise batches. Granular form cuts dust and reduces exposure, making the production floor safer without tons of extra gear.
Textile dye makers use NBSA as a sulfonating agent. The story is simple: you want color to stay bold and not run down the drain. NBSA reacts with basic aromatic compounds, transforming them into water-soluble intermediates. Pigment manufacturers also count on this reaction, building complex molecules that wind up in inks, paints, and all sorts of coatings.
People care about clean shirts but barely notice what goes into their laundry powders. Surfactant makers rely on sulfonic acids to cut through grease. 3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid Granules 80% is part of the backbone for building linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, a key cleaning agent in detergents. Synthetic detergent breakthroughs in the last century raised standards of living around the world. Factories buy NBSA for good reason: strong action, predictable performance, cost savings, and workers’ peace of mind.
Sulfonic acid granules prevent chemical dust storms, which brings up its true value in the workplace. Years spent in chemical plants taught me it’s much easier to pour from a bag of granules than to fumble with powders or slosh acid from barrels. Everyone prefers easy, clean dosing.
Safe handling deserves more attention. Exposure to chemicals still happens, and some companies cut corners. NBSA granules may cost a touch more than powder, but the health trade-off can’t be beat. Fewer accidents mean better morale. Less cleanup lowers costs in the long run.
Dumping waste—especially acidic effluent—sets back rivers and human health. Factories using NBSA need strict monitoring, modern effluent treatment plants, and honest reporting. I’ve seen older plants forced to shut for spilling too much untreated waste. Cleaner chemical choices and stricter oversight both matter.
Smarter equipment cuts exposure and waste even further. Granules blend well in automated systems, allowing precise mixing. Newer process controls limit overuse of NBSA by tracking every gram. Data-driven factories protect people, the bottom line, and the water downstream. Industry standards demand it after too many years spent cleaning up chemical mistakes.
Switching to NBSA granules at 80% reveals a quiet but steady trend in safer and cleaner production in chemistry-heavy industries. From textile dyes to efficient detergents, this chemical pushes the conversation about how safer handling benefits everyone—from factory workers to families at home.
Every chemical comes with a risk, and 3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid Granules 80% prove no different. Just breathing in the dust from these granules can irritate your nose and throat. Getting them on your hands often leads to red, itchy skin. So the way they’re kept between deliveries matters a lot.
During my work in a university lab, I learned most storage troubles creep in from small mistakes. Damp air sneaks through a crack. Someone stacks materials too high or leaves the drum unsealed. Over time, mishaps pile up. Granules like these hate moisture. Sitting in a humid room breaks them down and releases hazardous fumes. Dark, cool places do a much better job at keeping things stable. It’s more about being practical than fancy.
A concrete-floored chemical storeroom works well, as long as it stands away from active workspaces and food. I always check for metal shelving that doesn’t rust or bend under weight. Putting product off the ground on pallets helps prevent water from flooding the bags if there’s a spill somewhere.
Staying organized helps cut down on spills or contamination. I try not to open more bags than needed, since these granules go everywhere if handled roughly. Closing every drum or container tightly after use is routine. Each time I work with acids or sulfonates, I wear goggles and gloves built for strong chemicals. Over the years, keeping a broom and dustpan nearby for fast cleanup saved us from more than one scare.
Making space for chemicals isn’t just labeling a shelf “Dangerous Stuff.” This acid reacts with materials like strong bases, organic substances, or certain metals. Storing it away from flammables or other chemicals keeps the risk low. On more than one job, I saw how storing acids too near strong bases led to ruined paint or worse: violent chemical reactions. Separation is non-negotiable. When I didn’t respect that rule, I paid for it with hours of cleanup and sometimes damaged research samples.
Each time a new chemical showed up, everyone in our group checked its Safety Data Sheet (SDS). The SDS keeps you ahead of problems—listing how to store, clean, handle, and treat exposures. It's not just about reading it once. Training needs updates because procedures change, and people forget when life gets busy.
In some industries, inspectors come through with clipboards looking for labeling errors, old bags, or leaks. Big fines and lost production follow sloppy storage. I saw a plant nearly get shut down by missing one mislabeled drum.
Good air flow, tight lids, dry rooms, and barriers between different substances create safer storage. Even a clear aisle matters—letting you walk out fast if something leaks or a drum ruptures. Faulty storage doesn’t always show drama the same day. Small mistakes add up over weeks, damaging buildings or risking health.
Life taught me that treating every chemical like it’s waiting to surprise you helps everyone stay safer. If you share these lessons and keep records up to date, storage problems rarely become headlines.
3-Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid isn’t exactly a household name, but it shows up in plenty of places where folks formulate dyes, detergents, and specialty chemicals. With an 80% concentration, we’re talking about a substance that packs intensity. Just the slightest whiff of its yellowish dust sets off warning bells if safety isn’t taken seriously.
Picture working with strong acids and chemicals that irritate skin, eyes, and lungs. Add in the nitro group, and the reactivity climbs. Anyone who’s ever developed a rash from spilling dilute acid knows undiluted, concentrated compounds aren’t to be underestimated. Toxicological data shows 3-Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid irritates mucous membranes on contact, and inhaling dust leads to coughing and throat discomfort. OSHA doesn’t list a dedicated permissible exposure limit, but general safety rules for strong acids apply for a reason—damage sneaks up fast without proper handling.
Granules cause less airborne powder than fine dust, yet mishandling or pouring can still send particles swirling. For workers in cramped factory spaces or poorly ventilated storage areas, the danger multiplies. Sulfonic acids in general shouldn’t mix freely with inert materials or water because the heat and fumes escalate. Accidental mixing with organic compounds risks sparking hazardous reactions. Anyone who doubts this can find stark reminders in chemical burn cases or reports of workers exposed to similar sulfonic acids.
Direct contact stings. Short exposures inflame skin and eyes; splashes in the eye can threaten vision. Inhalation over short periods leads to nose and throat pain, and with heavier exposures, headaches and nausea follow. Personal stories from chemical plant staff back up the evidence—once, a colleague of mine forgot to check his face shield before opening a drum. A single puff of granule dust shot out, sending him to the emergency wash station for relief. He got lucky; others end up with lingering respiratory trouble.
3-Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid also brings environmental concerns. Its water solubility means spills don’t just sit around—they seep, flowing into drains, groundwater, and rivers. Aquatic toxicity isn’t fully mapped out for the compound, but neighboring chemicals in the sulfonic acid family show harmful effects on fish and other organisms at low concentrations. Leaks and careless disposal turn small accidents into bigger, tougher problems.
Nobody’s saying workers should shy away from the job. With proper gear—think gloves, goggles, face shields, sturdy aprons—contact risk drops dramatically. Well-ventilated workspaces suck up airborne particles before trouble starts. Quick access to eyewash stations and showers means anyone caught in a splash or cloud gets immediate help. Most importantly, training sticks with people after they clock out. Keeping up with new safety info, recognizing when labels change, and never rushing tasks make all the difference.
On the company side, regular inspections for leaks or residue, as well as solid emergency plans for spills, set a higher bar for safety. Process automation where possible keeps people further from direct contact, and clear signage cuts confusion.
3-Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid Granules at 80% aren’t the most dangerous chemical out there, but treating them casually invites trouble. A mix of hands-on experience, proven safety measures, and environmental awareness tips the scales away from harm—everyone goes home in better shape, and the environment catches a break too.
3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid Granules 80% are critical for many industries. A lot of folks ask about the shelf life, and it’s a fair question—it’s expensive, it’s hazardous, and it doesn’t age like a fine wine. Granule form gives this chemical a leg up compared to liquid versions. Less surface area, less contact with air and moisture, and fewer headaches with leaks. If you store it right, you’re usually looking at two years, sometimes stretching to three if storage never slips below top standards. Old stock isn’t just a waste of money; using degraded material leads to unpredictable reactions and, worse, safety risks.
Let's cut to the chase. Three things kill the shelf life fast: humidity, heat, and light. Humid storage means moisture seeps in, clumping up granules and sometimes kickstarting unwanted chemistry long before you’re ready for it. High heat speeds up decomposition. Direct sunlight or bright warehouse lighting can take its toll; even small chemistry changes twist performance and sabotage results.
I’ve seen storage rooms where drums sit inches from a loading dock door—big mistake. Temperature swings, condensation, and dirt find their way in. Companies lose thousands because they forget to turn stock or inspect seals. Always keep containers off the ground; pallets save more product than folks realize. Make sure containers close tightly after every scoop. Small lapses open the door to spoilage.
Industry best practice recommends keeping the product at room temperature, away from sunlight, and always dry. If your storage area sees more than a 10-degree shift through the workday, consider insulation. Invest in a dehumidifier if you’ve got sweaty walls in summer. Biggest tip: find suppliers with well-reviewed packaging. Low-quality drums or bags ruin shelf life before granules reach your hands.
It’s tempting to use up old batches to pinch pennies. Problem is, 3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid gradually breaks down, forming nitrogen oxides and traces of sulfur dioxide. These can trigger fires or release pungent, toxic fumes. Breathing that in means health risks, and the clean-up turns into a full-day job. Disposing of expired material racks up fees and paperwork. In regulated industries, using outdated chemicals risks recalls and fines. Simple math shows—rotating stock and regular inspections keep profits up and workers safe.
Keep inventory logs. Tag new deliveries with expiry dates right away. Train every warehouse hand—if the granules look caked, off-color, or if the drum weighs less than expected, flag it immediately. Everyone loves to trust specs, but lab testing samples regularly gives peace of mind. Some suppliers supply their own shelf-life certificates. Don’t just file them, review and cross-check them with your inventory dates.
If you run into expiry issues, talk to your supplier. Good ones often swap out compromised stock or help with alternatives. Batch testing catches slow declines that numbers on a sheet won’t spot. In a field where mistakes carry dangers and dollars, respecting shelf life isn’t just smart—it protects your team and your business.
Water treatment stands as one of the most demanding applications for industrial chemicals. Any compound used goes under the microscope for safety, performance, and downstream effects. 3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid (NBSA) in its 80% granular form has generated some interest for its possible use in water treatment processes, especially as folks look for more specialized chemicals to address complex contamination problems. But just because a substance proves useful elsewhere, doesn’t mean it makes a smart choice for treating water, especially water intended for municipal or ecological uses.
NBSA finds regular use as an intermediate in dye and pigment manufacture, sometimes in specialty detergents or pharmaceuticals. In my own time working with dyes for textile processing, I’ve seen NBSA bring consistency and reliability in controlled industrial reactions. The chemical’s strong sulfonic acid group helps it dissolve and interact readily with other compounds, an attractive trait in many industrial settings. But water treatment brings a different set of challenges to the table. Here, you aren’t just looking to drive a reaction—you need a product that won’t leave the water less healthy down the line.
Turning to NBSA for cleaning up wastewater or drinking water, safety and environmental persistence should guide every step. Benzene derivatives belong to a family known for health risks. NBSA’s nitro group raises extra questions about toxicity to aquatic life and humans. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency keeps a close watch on aromatic sulfonic acids partly because some break into persistent or even carcinogenic fragments. Using a strong aromatic compound increases the risk of introducing new contaminants instead of eliminating old ones.
Granular form might make handling easier compared to powders or liquids, but it doesn’t change what the product actually does in a water stream. At 80% strength, the granules pack a punch. A surge of NBSA could react with organic matter or metals in the water, possibly forming byproducts nobody wants to drink or discharge into a river. Few published studies cover what actually happens to NBSA after entering a treatment plant or an aquatic ecosystem. It’s tough to recommend large-scale use without seeing hard, peer-reviewed data ruling out dangerous residues.
Decades of experience with water utilities have taught me that tried-and-true chemicals like alum, ferric sulfate, or activated carbon don’t just stick around for tradition’s sake. They provide predictable performance and have stood up to scrutiny by regulatory bodies. Novel chemicals only make sense when they fill gaps others can’t and come with a full understanding of long-term impacts. With NBSA, published toxicity reports remain thin, and most regulatory bodies have not given the green light for water treatment use.
If a facility faces a contamination issue that typical chemicals fail to address, lab-scale studies and pilot trials must come first. Every new chemical deserves a thorough run-through for toxicity, breakdown products, ease of removal, and cost. Until NBSA clears these hurdles, it seems more suited to publishing tables in the chemistry lab than running through the country’s water pipes. Clean water demands caution and a willingness to say no to unvetted shortcuts, even if they look promising on paper.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid |
| Other names |
3 Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid m-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid |
| Pronunciation | /ˈθriː ˈnaɪtroʊ bɛnˈziːn sʌlˈfɒnɪk ˈæsɪd ˈɡræn.juːlz ˈeɪti pɚˈsɛnt/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 127-68-4 |
| Beilstein Reference | 2060496 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:142337 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL106511 |
| ChemSpider | 64533 |
| DrugBank | DB13283 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 03b329f2-1088-4ba7-9588-8f977c5b89b7 |
| EC Number | 246-048-7 |
| Gmelin Reference | 2667 |
| KEGG | C01749 |
| MeSH | D008715 |
| PubChem CID | 7130 |
| RTECS number | DA4375000 |
| UNII | US9RKX6RGS |
| UN number | UN2586 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C6H5NO5S |
| Molar mass | C6H5NO5S |
| Appearance | Light brown granules |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.50 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Soluble in water |
| log P | -0.5 |
| Vapor pressure | 0.67 hPa (20°C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | −0.7 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 6.99 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -79.6×10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.520 |
| Viscosity | Free flowing |
| Dipole moment | 1.7 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 309.6 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -174 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -1534 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | N03AX |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Harmful if swallowed, causes severe skin burns and eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | GHS07,GHS09 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H302, H315, H319, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | Keep container tightly closed. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 3-2-2-OX |
| Flash point | > 210°C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD₅₀ oral rat: >2000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (oral, rat): 670 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | SC4375000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | 3 mg/m3 |
| REL (Recommended) | 0.1 mg/m³ |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Benzene sulfonic acid 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid 2-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid 3-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt Nitrobenzene |
