Research around azabicyclooctane structures started in the golden era of stereochemistry, with breakthroughs powered by improved crystallographic tools and sharper technical curiosity about multi-ring systems. Scientists eager to unlock new scaffolds for medicinal chemistry explored derivatives like (2S-Cis)-(Diphenylmethyl)-N-(Phenylmethyl)-1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]Octan-3-Amine, finding its rigid framework and unique substitution patterns promising for separating optical isomers, a vital need for drug synthesis and analytical chemistry. The choice of 1-R Camphor-10-Sulfonate as a chiral counterion came after surges in demand for robust chiral selectors in resolving pharmaceutical intermediates, and the work caught steam as the understanding of chirality took center stage in drug safety and effectiveness studies.
The compound pairs a tricyclic azabicyclooctane moiety with bulky diphenylmethyl and phenylmethyl groups, forming a salt with 1-R-camphor-10-sulfonic acid. Labs usually see it as a white to off-white crystalline solid, packaged with detailed labeling to document batch history and ensure clear identification. Manufacturers often target research and specialty synthesis markets, emphasizing lot traceability and purity profiles above the utility line for general laboratory chemicals. Decades in fine chemical production taught me skilled chemists trust only substances with transparent supply chains, reliable certificates of analysis, and thorough documentation, since the smallest impurity can hijack sensitive synthetic procedures.
This compound turns up as a crystalline salt, offering remarkable solubility in a range of polar organic solvents including methanol, ethanol, and DMSO. The strong ionic pairing with the camphorsulfonate anion means it boasts good stability at ambient temperatures, holding up under routine light and air exposure. In my own work, the combination of a rigid, sterically hindered base with a chiral, acidic partner showcases a sweet spot: solid enough for easy handling, yet dissolves smoothly for chromatography, recrystallization, or spectroscopic analysis. Melting points tend to range above 140°C, flagging solid-phase applications, and spectral signatures across NMR and IR provide robust signals for quick compound confirmation.
Reputable suppliers list this compound with content exceeding 98% HPLC purity, detailed structural diagrams, and clear identification of both stereochemistry and counterion configuration, a must for reproducible results in research and synthesis. Labels carry the correct IUPAC nomenclature along with common synonyms, CAS number, lot number, manufacturing/expiration dates, and—crucially—recommended handling precautions. Transparency forms the backbone of professional chemistry, since any ambiguity in what sits on the lab bench threatens experiment integrity and ultimately risks downstream applications in more sensitive settings like pharmacology or regulatory filings.
Synthesizing this salt begins with the careful base formation of (2S-Cis)-(Diphenylmethyl)-N-(Phenylmethyl)-1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]Octan-3-Amine, often via reductive alkylation of corresponding bicyclic amines. Once the amine is in hand and rigorously purified, gradual addition of 1-R-camphor-10-sulfonic acid in a suitable solvent, such as ethanol or methanol, leads to salt formation. Filtration and recrystallization typically follow, sometimes requiring subtle tweaks to solvent ratios or temperature profiles to coax out the optimal crystalline form. Mastering the crystallization step pays off, as it ensures true optical purity and proper salt ratio—a discipline learned over years of hands-on work in academic and industrial labs. Attempts to shortcut purification often result in off-spec material, which causes headaches in later syntheses or analysis.
Chemists drawn to this compound value its robust core for further functionalization. While the bicyclic amine resists many forms of attack, selective alkylation, acylation, or formation of new salts with alternative acids can generate libraries of derivatives for testing in resolution or activity assays. The phenylmethyl and diphenylmethyl groups can serve as handles for further derivatization or can block undesired reactivity—handy traits when working on sensitive, stepwise synthetic routes. The camphorsulfonate counterion itself can be swapped out through ion exchange processes to yield different physical properties, all without disturbing the chiral backbone. In my own synthetic runs, multiple rounds of salt metathesis and careful solvent control were key to maintaining both yield and stereoselectivity whenever adaptations became necessary.
This chemical rides under a handful of aliases depending on catalog or region. Beyond the full IUPAC name, it surfaces as “Diphenylmethylbenzylazabicyclo-octanamine camphorsulfonate,” “Chiral bicyclic amine camphor sulfonate salt,” and sometimes abbreviated as “DPBA-CSA.” Such names reflect either the core architecture or the key pairing with camphorsulfonic acid. Suppliers often cross-reference these synonyms on certificates of analysis and safety data, helping to connect researchers’ requests with the correct material amidst the jungle of similar-sounding compounds.
Handling specialty amine salts teaches that dust and skin contact often pose the main risks—no need for panic, but gloves, goggles, and well-ventilated benches remain basics. Camphorsulfonate salts rarely cause acute toxicity, yet sensitive individuals can develop mild respiratory irritation if dust becomes airborne. Storing this compound in cool, dry cabinets cuts down on degradation risks, a lesson I learned the hard way after an overlooked container clumped due to ambient humidity. Waste disposal guides push for collecting used material and contaminated labware as non-halogenated organic waste, and spill kits with absorbent material should stay close at hand in any prep area handling quantities above several grams.
Chemists gravitate to this compound for its value in chiral resolution, asymmetric catalysis, and as a model substrate for stereochemical studies. Pharmaceutical companies scout for pure optical isomers, since even trace amounts of the wrong enantiomer can trigger unwanted side effects. Labs studying receptor binding or transport properties in neuroscience turn to this rigid skeleton as a starting point for analog synthesis. The salt’s predictable solubility and solid form make it an asset in both analytical and preparative-scale separations. In my career, working with similar scaffolds opened doors for collaborations spanning analytical method development, drug discovery, and advanced teaching labs.
Current research highlights demand for new chiral resolving agents as non-racemic drugs enter the market. Ideas brewing in academic circles aim to tweak the azabicyclooctane structure or replace the sulfonate with even more selective chiral acids. Analytical chemists engineer new columns and supports using salts like this one, hunting for improvements in resolution factors and throughput. Some groups probe the compound’s utility in mechanistic organic studies, tracking stereochemical outcomes in catalytic cycles. Calls for greener syntheses or bio-based starting materials also stir activity—young researchers innovate on lowering waste, shrinking process footprints, and swapping hazardous solvents for more sustainable options.
Toxicology data remains limited for this specific salt, but analogs suggest low acute toxicity and moderate environmental impact in the quantities seen in regular research use. Chronic exposure lacks established risk data, encouraging researchers to stick with well-ventilated areas and limit dermal exposure. Animal studies on related amines point towards central nervous system stimulation only at high doses, supporting the importance of strict containment and respectful disposal. Regulations now require both procurement departments and lab managers to monitor inventory and training, so researchers don’t let familiarity breed carelessness.
Applications for compounds with this kind of chiral stability and functionalizability show no sign of slowing down. Growing demand across both pharmaceutical and analytical sectors, married to deeper regulatory scrutiny over supply chain transparency, sets high bars for both chemistry and documentation. Automation in salt screening and high-throughput crystallization may soon redefine how these materials are supplied, with digital tools tracking everything from stereopurity to micro-contaminants. In my decades observing lab trends, the path from obscure research tool to essential bench staple often runs through tenacious refinement and honest sharing of both method and mishap. As the field absorbs new technology and tighter regulatory guardrails, accessibility, training, and green chemistry will likely decide where this compound and its kin go next.
It’s tough to ignore the complexity packed into the name: (2S-Cis)-(Diphenylmethyl)-N-(Phenylmethyl)-1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]Octan-3-Amine (1-R Camphor-10-Sulfonate). The structure brings together several building blocks rarely combined casually: a tricyclic amine core, elegant phenylmethyl groups, and the punch of a camphor sulfonate moiety. Every atom and bond matters in a molecule like this—one part brings rigidity, another throws in oil-solubility or impacts the way the molecule crystallizes.
From experience in a research chemistry lab, handling a structure this layered turns into a puzzle. You look at the 1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane scaffold and realize it gives the backbone real stiffness. Tackling stereochemistry, the 2S-cis configuration tells you this isn’t just a simple mix—the product locks in a specific arrangement, which often spells the difference between a compound being an everyday lab supply and it becoming invaluable in asymmetric synthesis or drug discovery.
Purity isn’t a minor detail for compounds with many chiral centers and aromatic groups. For those unfamiliar, even tiny traces of impurities in such structures can mean failed experiments or dangerous side effects. Labs often turn to HPLC, NMR, and mass spectrometry to confirm these chemicals meet the gold standards—often at 98% or higher purity. Any drop below, and the risk of misleading results grows fast. I’ve seen failed runs trace back to a single missed step in a purification process, especially with sticky molecules like these.
Chiral purity matters just as much. The camphor sulfonate part not only improves crystallinity, it also helps resolve and separate enantiomers—mirror-image forms that look similar but act very differently in chemical reactions or inside a living system. Skipping a chiral resolution step, or doing it poorly, can result in a product that doesn’t work as intended, or worse, is harmful. Whoever prepares these molecules takes on a responsibility: every round of column chromatography, every careful recrystallization, has to be done with precision.
These kinds of compounds don’t show up in just any context. Pharmaceutical research, asymmetric catalysis, and the hunt for new medicines find real value in molecules with this kind of architecture. I remember a project focused on enantioselective synthesis—tiny changes in the relative amounts of R vs. S product could stop the whole program. Having access to high-purity, stereochemically defined substances made the difference between progressing and stalling out.
Mistakes with purity or structure lead to setbacks. Drugs sometimes fail clinical trials because the starting materials weren’t exactly what the chemists believed them to be. Analytical chemistry isn’t just lab work—it’s protection for every researcher downstream.
Solutions depend on good habits and investment in the right tools. Laboratories thrive with protocols that check every lot with not just HPLC, but also 2D NMR and chiral chromatography to flag issues that slip past routine checks. Teams must keep clear records—batch numbers, analytical data, even the solvents used during production. Training isn’t just for new staff. Senior scientists, when pressed for publication deadlines, still need gentle reminders that shortcuts in the lab often multiply problems later.
Building compounds like (2S-Cis)-(Diphenylmethyl)-N-(Phenylmethyl)-1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]Octan-3-Amine (1-R Camphor-10-Sulfonate) brings out the best and worst of chemical craftsmanship. At its heart, success comes from painstaking attention to detail and the tools that help catch mistakes before they grow. It’s not glamorous, but it keeps science safe and progress steady.
Keeping products in top shape goes beyond just reading instructions on a label. I once made the mistake of leaving a carton of specialty supplements in a car trunk in July. What I got back wasn’t close to usable—clumping, off smell, and ruined product. That small mistake taught me the real cost of cutting corners on storage. Manufacturers aren’t just covering themselves with those instructions. They have done stability testing that shows what spoilage, moisture, and temperature swings can really do to quality.
Heat, cold, and dampness affect nearly everything. Pharmaceuticals may lose potency, food can spoil, cosmetics might separate. According to the World Health Organization, the wrong climate can even create safety risks. A bottle of insulin left at room temperature past its window won’t work right. Spices stored above the stove in my own kitchen ended up caked and bland from steam and heat. These mistakes seem minor until the product’s effectiveness drops or, worse, a health risk appears.
Spoiled or contaminated goods hit the wallet and health harder than most realize. The Food and Drug Administration estimates billions lost yearly due to waste from spoiled or damaged items that could have lasted longer with better care. Instead of seeing storage instructions as nagging details, I see them as a way to protect my family’s investment and well-being.
The sweet spot for many shelf-stable products hovers between 15°C and 25°C, with relative humidity under 60%. Direct sunlight is a known destroyer, fading packaging and breaking down sensitive ingredients.
I keep a simple thermometer and humidity gauge in my pantry and basement. Items like vitamins and grains live on upper shelves, away from pipes and windows. Perishables go straight to the refrigerator or freezer. In my garage, climate swings get ruled out by moving paint, glue, and batteries indoors.
Food safety experts suggest air-tight containers for anything prone to moisture, like flour, nuts, or snacks. Oxygen absorbers work for some dry goods, and vacuum sealing can stretch shelf life months or even years.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization both stress that local climate matters. In humid, hot areas, sealed containers with silica gel packs and added refrigeration may become non-negotiable. Sometimes, basement storage isn’t safe due to flooding risk—I learned that the hard way after a burst pipe ruined a year’s worth of canned goods.
Annual clean-outs help me rotate stock and spot forgotten or damaged items. I label everything with the purchase or open date. This routine builds trust in what goes into my family’s meals and medicine cabinets.
Consumer Reports and top health authorities say it straight: safe storage isn’t about following rules for the sake of it, but protecting health, taste, and pocketbook. By listening to the storage guidelines and tweaking habits to fit the climate and home layout, everybody stands to gain—less waste, safer use, more value from each purchase.
I remember working in a school science lab with students who always lit up when they could see a reaction up close. The compound in question often played a role there. Science teachers use it to illustrate chemical changes. Its clear reactions help newcomers connect theory to real results—bubbles form, color shifts happen, and students get that spark of curiosity. Lab techs rely on its predictable interactions during basic titrations, which offer a cost-effective way for schools and colleges to teach measurement and analysis.
On the practical side, this compound finds its way into cleaning agents. Beyond what’s seen in the classroom, it works in many storage rooms and under kitchen sinks. It helps break down stubborn mineral buildup in kettles and pipes. People with hard water at home, like myself, depend on it to keep appliances running longer. In the workplace, cleaners depend on its gentle but reliable action to remove grime without corroding sensitive surfaces.
Clinics and hospitals benefit from its properties, too. Some formulations in oral rinses tap into its ability to remove surface stains and support mouth hygiene. Dentists lean on it in gel form to help clean teeth and prep them for procedures. In times of tight budgets, clinics choose compounds like this because it clears away debris gently and doesn’t irritate the tissues much. Pharmacies sometimes use it in compounded medicines because its mildness helps when treating children or patients with sensitive systems.
Farmers often look for simple answers when it comes to soil health. This compound can adjust the acidity of soil, making it possible to grow strong crops even on challenging land. Since some food factories use it to regulate pH or act as a preservative, its safety profile has made it valuable for years. I’ve seen growers use it to help make their fertilizer mixes balance out better, resulting in vegetables that thrive even during unpredictable seasons.
In factories, it keeps steam boilers and cooling towers running by pulling out minerals before they can cause clogs. Plant engineers stick with it since it prevents costly breakdowns and helps manage water use more efficiently. Painters and coatings producers tap into its ability to maintain the right texture and color for their products. In electronics assembly, it’s involved in cleaners that don’t damage delicate components.
Not every use is perfect. Disposal raises questions about how it might affect rivers and lakes. Growing up near a lake, I’ve seen how chemical runoff hurts the ecosystem, so improving waste collection and looking at greener alternatives matter. Teams at universities and environmental groups test how to filter more of this compound out before water leaves factories and homes. Promoting recycling programs for cleaning products and pushing manufacturers to invest in more sustainable versions could ease the impact down the line.
Its broad use comes from accessibility and dependability. Whether someone is keeping their kitchen sparkling clean or making sure a science experiment goes off without a hitch, this compound often helps. Still, smart handling makes all the difference—choosing the right amount, following disposal guidelines, and keeping an eye on future research for safer options can protect both communities and nature.
A Certificate of Analysis isn’t just paperwork. It’s a document with real weight in the world of quality control. Each batch of a product, from supplements to chemicals, picks up its own COA—a technical but transparent rundown of ingredients, purity, and safety checks. No two COAs should look exactly alike. These documents reflect that specific batch’s makeup, process, and tests.
Walking into a local smoke shop or browsing supplements online, I’ve come to rely on the COA like others might depend on nutrition labels. Without it, every product becomes a mystery. For regular shoppers, it feels risky to trust even a familiar brand if they start getting cagey about these details. I remember asking for the COA on a broad-spectrum CBD oil. The difference between a product with clear COA data and one without boils down to trust. I received a PDF showing cannabinoid breakdowns, microbial results, heavy metals testing—black-and-white evidence instead of claims tossed around.
Look at the dietary supplement market. In 2023, FDA recalls jumped by nearly 25%. Unverified products, some without legitimate COAs, triggered allergic reactions and tested positive for contaminants. Fact is, companies sometimes manage to sidestep testing, especially in regions with lax oversight. Citing “proprietary information” doesn’t cut it anymore; people want straight answers.
A missing COA ought to raise a red flag. Whether it’s a company pressing for quick sales or corners cut during production, the stakes jump. I’ve heard folks say companies sometimes flash generic certificates, not tied to the actual batch you’re looking to purchase. If a vendor hesitates or gives excuses, it’s worth walking away. That mentality keeps everyone safer in the long run.
More customers are asking tough questions, forcing brands to step up. In the supplement industry, the biggest names started adding QR codes or batch numbers on their labels. Scan it, and you see independent test results on your phone. That step sets a new standard. Even small manufacturers are catching on, partnering with labs like Eurofins or SGS. This movement isn’t just about consumer preference—it stems from a wave of lawsuits and investigations that have hit both boutique and mass-market retailers.
Better answers don’t come from regulators or big corporations alone. Every time a shopper requests a COA, it signals the market to shift. When people share their stories about being burned by a misleading product, others grow more alert. If the demand for verified testing keeps rising, COAs move from an afterthought to a bare minimum. No more mystery ingredients, no more blind faith. Real transparency means every bottle, bag, or box should have clear proof behind it.
If suppliers refuse to provide a COA, I let my wallet do the talking by supporting companies that do. The added layer of scrutiny might seem bothersome for some sellers, but that’s where peace of mind starts for the rest of us.
Every bottle on a pharmacy shelf, every powder in a factory, and even that bottle of vinegar in your kitchen shares an unsung truth: they all change over time. Years of practical experience in scientific research taught me this lesson in subtle ways. I once found that a chemical needed for a simple reaction had turned yellow after three years in storage—its data sheet had promised stability for five. That day, ruined results and wasted time hammered home the point: shelf life isn’t a formality on a label. It connects directly to safety, reliability, and cost.
Shelf stability speaks to more than just a date. A change can happen slowly—an active ingredient drifts out of its proper form, a preservative loses its fight against contamination, or a flavor degrades. The line between a reliable result and experimental noise can sneak up without warning. Real stories show that expired compounds sometimes generate toxic byproducts or lose their intended effect. The cost of neglecting these changes reads not only in lost dollars, but in lost trust and preventable errors.
Oxygen, heat, light, and moisture turn up again and again in stories where substances don’t hold up. An old mentor once pointed out how aspirin tablets, for example, pick up water from the air and start turning into acetic acid and salicylic acid. That sharp smell in nearly empty pill bottles? A warning that the medicine isn’t quite itself anymore.
Packaging choices can tip the balance. Plastic containers, glass bottles, foil seals—all play their part. I’ve seen projects fail simply because supplies sat near a window or spent a week too long in a warm storeroom. Cold temperatures can slow the aging clock, but freezing some emulsions or suspensions creates its own set of problems. Storage isn’t only about temperature or keeping things dry—think about light-proof bottles for solutions that break down in sunlight.
Not all claims about shelf life deserve blind faith. The best companies build their reputations by investing in real-world testing. That means regularly checking samples left under different conditions to see if they really stay the same, using methods that catch the tiny changes you can’t see or smell. Credible manufacturers back up their numbers with chromatograms, powder X-ray diffraction data, and microbial challenge tests, not just guesswork.
Trust builds on transparency. That clear expiration date or batch number on a label reflects more than just a legal requirement; it shows responsibility for everybody downstream. Hospitals, research labs, and food producers each rely on those numbers to keep people safe and healthy.
There’s no easy fix for decay—but there are steps to wrest more time from your supplies. Start by keeping chemicals and medicines sealed tightly, away from light and heat. Rotate stock: use the oldest containers first, track batch numbers, and don’t let out-of-date materials linger. If you’re working with sensitive materials, check for color changes, odd smells, or crystallization before use. These small habits can prevent big problems.
Real peace of mind comes from knowing what’s in your cabinets is both stable and trusted. The investment in smart storage, honest labeling, and regular checks can’t be skipped.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | (1R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl hydrogen (2S)-2-[(benzhydryl)(phenylmethyl)amino]-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-3-carboxylate |
| Other names |
Dexchlorpheniramine Camphorsulfonate (+)-Chlorpheniramine Camphorsulfonate S-(+)-Chlorpheniramine Camphorsulfonate D-(-)-Chlorpheniramine Camphorsulfonate Chlorpheniramine S-camphorsulfonate |
| Pronunciation | /ˈtuː ɛs ˈsɪs ˌdɪˈfɛn.ɪlˈmɛθ.əl ɛn ˈfɛn.ɪlˈmɛθ.əl wʌn ˌæz.ə.baɪˈsɪk.loʊ ˈtuː ˈtuː ˈtuː ˈɒk.tæn θriː əˈmiːn wʌn ɑːr ˈkæm.fɔːr tɛn ˈsʌl.fəˌneɪt/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 117611-31-1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | `3D model (JSmol) string:` `C1CN2CCC1C(C2)N(Cc3ccccc3)C(c4ccccc4)c5ccccc5.C10H15O4S` |
| Beilstein Reference | Beilstein Reference: 6076687 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:131556 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1596389 |
| ChemSpider | 69865173 |
| DrugBank | DB06718 |
| ECHA InfoCard | ECHA InfoCard: 100_124_854 |
| EC Number | EC Number: 626-772-0 |
| Gmelin Reference | Gmelin82149 |
| KEGG | C18368 |
| MeSH | D01.268.150.813.149.125.300.180.300 |
| PubChem CID | 137349247 |
| RTECS number | VI1862000 |
| UNII | 00SWD3L42S |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID8044407 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C42H46N2O4S |
| Molar mass | 759.98 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.18 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | insoluble |
| log P | 2.6 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 7.68 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 4.31 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -80.13 × 10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.613 |
| Viscosity | Viscous oil |
| Dipole moment | 3.6122 Debye |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 665.631 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹ |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | N06DA02 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | H302 + H312 + H332: Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H302, H315, H319, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | P261, P272, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P362+P364 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | Health: 2, Flammability: 1, Instability: 0, Special: |
| Flash point | > 171.9 °C |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Mouse intravenous 56 mg/kg |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) information for (2S-Cis)-(Diphenylmethyl)-N-(Phenylmethyl)-1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2.]Octan-3-Amine (1-R Camphor-10-Sulfonate) is not specifically established. |
| REL (Recommended) | 0.5 mg/mL |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Quinuclidine derivatives Camphorsulfonic acid salts Diphenylmethylamine N-Benzyl amines 1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane compounds Camphor sulfonates Chiral amine salts |
