Product Name: 2,4-Xylene Sulfonic Acid
Chemical Formula: C8H10SO3
Synonyms: 2,4-Dimethylbenzene Sulfonic Acid
CAS Number: 15717-53-6
Recommended Use: Intermediate for dyes, surfactants, pharmaceuticals
Manufacturer Information: Supplier details readily available on the packaging or company website, with 24/7 emergency contact phone numbers to reach technical support and leak response teams.
Hazard Classification: Corrosive, serious eye damage, skin irritant, harmful if swallowed
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns, serious eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation or coughing if inhaled
Pictograms: Corrosive, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Do not breathe dust or fumes. Wash thoroughly after handling. Wear impervious gloves, goggles, and full protective clothing to reduce risk.
Chemical Identity: 2,4-Xylene Sulfonic Acid
Purity: ≥ 98%
Impurities: Contains trace amounts of other xylene sulfonic acid isomers, water content below 2%, and negligible heavy metals
Concentration Range: Main component comprises the majority of the mixture by weight; no hazardous impurities above threshold limits
Inhalation: Relocate immediately to fresh air, keep airways open, seek prompt medical advice if breathing becomes difficult or person feels weak
Skin Contact: Remove all contaminated clothing, wash skin thoroughly with running water and mild soap for minimum fifteen minutes, do not delay medical evaluation for persistent irritation, blisters or pain
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes carefully using clean, running water for at least twenty minutes, mind the eyelids and eyeballs directly, see eye specialist immediately after first aid
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water (never give anything, even water, to someone unconscious), do not induce vomit, seek immediate attention and provide label or description of substance
Most Critical Symptoms: Severe burning, pain, blistering, vision loss, coughing, abdominal pain
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide for small fires
Unsuitable Media: High-volume water jet can splash and spread corrosive liquid
Specific Hazards: Burning releases sulfur oxides, pungent toxic fumes, and sometimes irritating aerosols
Firefighter Protection: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, flame-resistant gear, acid-resistant gloves, and boots; stay upwind
Special Precautions: Isolate area, prevent leaks from entering waterways, cool exposed containers with spray
Personal Protection: Don chemical apron, splash goggles, acid-resistant gloves, and respiratory mask
Environmental Precautions: Stop material from leaking into soil, sewers, or natural water sources; use dikes or booms for larger spills
Cleanup Methods: Absorb small spills with inert material like sand, sweep and shovel into chemical-waste drums for disposal; neutralize residue with diluted sodium carbonate or limestone slurry; ventilate area thoroughly; decontaminate tools and surfaces
Safe Handling: Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling; pour slowly in well-ventilated place; avoid all unnecessary contact; survey containers before opening for possible pressure buildup from fumes
Storage Conditions: Store tightly sealed in corrosive-resistant containers, out of sunlight and moisture, below 30°C; isolate away from oxidizing agents, strong alkalis, and metals prone to corrosion
Incompatibles: Alkalis, oxidizers, organic peroxides, strong reducers, reactive metals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium
Transfer Procedures: Use a grounded system to avoid static discharge, rely on approved chemical pumps or glassware, label secondary containers
Exposure Limits: No ACGIH established limit, but workplace air concentrations kept below 1 mg/m³ as a precaution
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, chemical fume hood for laboratory work, emergency eyewash and shower stations in work area
Personal Protection: Full-face shield, chemical splash goggles; impervious gloves (neoprene, nitrile, or butyl rubber); acid-resistant apron, sleeves, boots; NIOSH-approved respirator if dust or mist forms
Hygiene Measures: Wash skin thoroughly after any contact; keep contaminated clothing away from home laundry; use barrier creams if available
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder or granules; sometimes has a faint aromatic odor
pH: Strongly acidic in dilute water solution
Melting Point: 150–153°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Solubility: Readily dissolves in water, ethanol; low solubility in hydrocarbons
Density: About 1.37 g/cm³
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at ambient temperature
Flash Point: Data not applicable (non-flammable solid under normal conditions)
Odor Threshold: Not available due to weak odor profile
Chemical Stability: Remains stable in dry, sealed containers under normal storage; absorbs moisture from air and deliquesces
Conditions to Avoid: Direct sunlight, excessive heat, high humidity, and open air exposure
Incompatible Materials: Attacks most metals, reacts with bases and strong oxidizers quickly; avoid mixing with chlorine-releasing agents
Hazardous Decomposition: Sulfur oxides (SOx), carbon oxides, volatile organic byproducts from breakdown
Polymerization: Does not self-polymerize
Exposure Effects: Rapid skin or eye contact triggers severe irritation or burns, long-lasting damage possible if not washed off quickly; ingestion leads to mouth, throat, esophagus injuries; breathing dust irritates nose, lungs, may cause cough, chemical pneumonitis
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat) estimated near 300–500 mg/kg; rapid onset symptoms after exposure by any route
Chronic Effects: No strong evidence of long-term toxicity at low doses; repeated exposure or chronic irritation can sensitize skin or mucous membranes, trigger asthma in susceptible workers
Carcinogenicity: No classification as carcinogen by IARC, ACGIH, NTP, or OSHA
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, especially at high concentrations; encourages algae blooms, shifts pH of natural water
Persistence and Degradability: Breaks down slowly in soil and water, risk of bioaccumulation minimal; natural reduction mainly through microbial action
Soil Mobility: Soluble, migrates rapidly in ground and surface water, possibility of contaminating wells if released
Other Harmful Effects: Large spills damage vegetation, disrupt aquatic habitats, kill fish and aquatic invertebrates
Disposal Methods: Consult licensed hazardous waste contractor; neutralize liquid waste using weak base, confirm neutral pH, deposit in approved hazardous landfill
Container Cleaning: Triple-rinse containers, treat rinse water as hazardous; never reuse emptied containers for food or drink
Disposal Restrictions: Never pour down the drain or mix with domestic waste; apply local, state, and federal disposal regulations strictly
UN Number: UN2581
Proper Shipping Name: Xylene sulfonic acids, solid
Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive)
Packing Group: II
Labels Required: Corrosive (8), marine pollutant as needed for bulk
Special Precautions: Keep packaging upright, intact; train drivers in spill handling, rapid communication
GHS Classification: Corrosive to skin (Category 1B), Serious eye damage (Category 1)
OSHA: Hazardous under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
TSCA: Listed substance in Toxic Substances Control Act inventory
SARA Title III: Not subject to specific reporting under Sections 302/304/313; general hazard communication applies
State Right-to-Know: Subject to reporting and labeling for emergency preparedness
Other Regulations: Subject to local workplace exposure limits; proper hazard labeling required for all storage, transport, and export
